Archives for April 2020

April 27, 2020

Ask the Ag Agent Weekly Online/Call-In Forum and New Web Page

Ask the Ag Agent was created when COVID-19 forced a new normal in communications nationwide. Rutgers Cooperative Extension Agricultural Agents working with “Ask the Ag Agent” education and outreach are cAsk the Ag agentommitted to the agriculture industry and all interested in growing plants, raising livestock and essential resources related to agriculture. The program now features a new Ask the Ag Agent website with more information.

Farmers and others are welcome to join a weekly teleconference each Wednesday night from 7:00pm-8:00pm. Weekly events are hosted by Rutgers Cooperative Extension Agricultural Agents working with the farming industry.

This call-in/WebEx event features updates on farm management, crop conditions, farm industry observations, agricultural agency programs and other topics discussed by farmers, agricultural agents and other agricultural service providers.

Hosted by Bill Bamka, Stephen Komar, Michelle Infante-Casella and Meredith Melendez, this weekly communication provides a forum for discussion for farmers and all involved in NJ agriculture. Agricultural agency personnel, non-profit organizations and others have participated and added additional discussion with farmers.

This event and other events hosted by Rutgers Cooperative Extension can be found on the Rutgers NJAES Events website.

To join the “Ask the Ag Agent” forum each week on a computer/tablet/smartphone via the WebEx Videoconference:

Use the URL: https://go.rutgers.edu/rc9n3kxtiPhone

To join the “Ask the Ag Agent” each week on the Phone:
Call: (650)-429-3300
Access Code: 799-743-872 # followed by #

Filed Under: Blueberry, Commercial Ag Updates, Cranberry, Disease Forecasting, Field, Forage & Livestock, Food Safety, Fruit, Landscape, Nursery, & Turf, Nursery, Organic Production, Plant Diagnostic Lab, Strawberry, Tree Fruit, Turf, Uncategorized, Vegetable Crops, Wine Grape Tagged With: , ,
April 27, 2020

Tree Fruit IPM Report for April 28, 2020

Disease Control in Freese Damaged Orchards: Dr. Lalancette has published his recommendations for how to protect tree fruit from diseases in freeze damaged orchards.

Tree Fruit Phenology: Tree Fruit Phenology remains advanced, but development is slowing. In southern counties peach orchards are at Shuck Split. We are now only about 5 days ahead of the median date for shuck split. Pears are late bloom/Petal Fall. Red Delicious was about Full Bloom on 4/25. Cherries are about full Bloom. [Read more…]

Filed Under: Tree Fruit Tagged With: , , , ,
April 27, 2020

Penn State Webinar: H-2A Agricultural Workers in Times of Uncertainty

Penn State Cooperative Extension is hosting a free webinar to discuss the H-2A program in Pennsylvania. This may be helpful for NJ Farmers to listen in to find any updates or tips on how to handle this agricultural worker program. You must register to join this online event. In order to register you will need to create an account on the Penn State advertisement page.

Webinar Date: Thu., May 7, 2020
(6:30 PM – 8:00 PM ET)

Registration deadline: May 7, 2020
5:30 p.m.

COVID-19 mitigation efforts, including international travel restrictions and consulate closures, have disrupted the normal functioning of the H-2A visa program for temporary workers. These disruptions to the H-2A program raise questions about the timely arrival of guest workers and the impact on essential food and agricultural businesses. The H-2A Agricultural Workers in Times of Uncertainty Webinar will provide answers and guidance to the many questions surrounding this topic.
The dangers of COVID-19 itself similarly raises questions around how to protect the health and well-being of H-2A visa holders. As front-line workers, the protection of their livelihoods and health are integrally tied to the protection of public health.

Penn State Extension will be holding a townhall-style webinar to address these topics, and to provide answers and guidance to these questions. Join us as we hear from a panel of subject matter experts, including Brook Duer, Staff Attorney at the Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law; Grant Meckley, Pennsylvania Keystone Health’s Agricultural Worker Program; Scott Sheely, Executive Director of the Lancaster County Agriculture Council; and Richard Stup, Agricultural Workforce Specialist at Cornell Cooperative Extension. Also joining us will be Alyssa Charney, Agriculture Legislative Assistant from Senator Casey’s Office.

Attendees will have the opportunity to either send in questions ahead of time, or during the webinar itself, for a Q&A session following the panelists’ overview and update on the H-2A visa program.

There is no cost for this webinar, however registration is required to receive the webinar link. To go to the registration page you can also see https://go.rutgers.edu/if9tsm4h.

Filed Under: Blueberry, Commercial Ag Updates, Cranberry, Fruit, Organic Production, Strawberry, Tree Fruit, Uncategorized, Vegetable Crops, Wine Grape Tagged With: ,
April 27, 2020

E-commerce During COVID-19 Webinar – Recording Now Available

From C-FARE, the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics — Whether you registered and were told this webinar was full on Friday, or just couldn’t make it then but are still interested in the topic, the sponsors of E-Commerce During COVID-19: Opportunities for Food Producers to Make Direct Market Sales Online apologized for the limited capacity and invite you to PLEASE WATCH THE WEBINAR HERE.
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The Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) along with the Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association (NAREA), hosted a free webinar at 12 p.m. EST April 24 to discuss the value of e-commerce for farmers, food gatekeepers and retailers at a moment when customers are shifting their buying habits overnight to minimize exposure to COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a situation that is rapidly changing, with guidance for safe gathering thresholds dwindling from thousands, to hundreds, to fewer than 10. The isolation and uncertainty have precipitated changes in consumers’ shopping behaviors, from bulk-buying to e-commerce and more. Limiting in-store interactions is now a chief comparative advantage.

This webinar will discuss ways farmers, food gatekeepers and retailers can benefit (or hedge their losses) by adapting to consumers’ behavioral changes. C-FARE board member and Rutgers University economist Gal Hochman will moderate the 45-minute discussion. He will be joined by three panelists.
  • Jeffrey O’Hara will discuss what USDA Agricultural Marketing Service resources are available for producers to develop e-commerce sales, the latest data and research, along with examples of ways farmers have migrated online. He is an AMS specialist.
  • Chyi Lyi “Kathleen” Liang will discuss various online platforms, the merits of using digital sales strategies, and sample innovative aggregated venues online. She is the W. K. Kellogg Distinguished Professor of Sustainable Agriculture and the director of the Center for Environmental Farming Systems at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University.
  • Gary Matteson will talk about the need for business planning with clear goals for inputs such as time and money, and clear expectations for sales and profitability when approaching new markets. He is vice president for Young, Beginning, Small Farmer Programs and Outreach at the Farm Credit Council.

The webinar will conclude with questions from attendees. Those who register but cannot attend will be invited to view a recording of the webinar at a later date. Please join C-FARE and the NAREA for this special program.

The Vision of the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics

Catalyzing informed decisions through applied economics.

The Council on Food Agricultural & Resource Economics, 502 C Street NE, Washington, DC, 20002, United States
Filed Under: Commercial Ag Updates Tagged With: , ,
April 27, 2020

Dealing with Stress on the Farm During Trying Times

This is a stressful time for many people in our country and especially on the farm. With constant updates from government officials and media sharing new about the pandemic and the fear of the unknown for the future, it is understandable to feel overwhelmed, stressed and anxious. Seeing other farmers around the nation struggling with crop losses and distribution nightmares makes other farmers wonder what is yet to come. You are not alone and there are resources to help if you are struggling with stress and anxiety.

For assistance contact the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) Disaster Distress Helpline at 800-985-5990, the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-8255 or text MHFA to 741741 to talk to a Crisis Text Line counselor.

Farmers often feel they may be mentally and physically tougher than most people. That may be true. However, it is understandable if you are feeling depressed or anxious right now, just like the millions of people across the country who are facing the same worries and challenges. It’s perfectly understandable since most people have never experienced times like we are facing now. It’s extremely important to take care of your mental health. Helping yourself means you will be able to help others in the future.

While times may not change as quickly as we would like, there are easy self-care strategies that can help reduce feelings of depression and anxiety, or prevent anxiety before it even starts.

Here are some tips that may help:
1. Eat healthy foods to keep your body in top working order and avoid foods/beverages that cause issues with underlying health conditions.
2. Exercise reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety. Exercise is not the same as regular activity at work. Take a brisk walk or jog down a farm road, ride a bike, lift weights (even if you need to make your own out of what you have around the farm and start light).
3. Practice relaxation therapy. Focusing on tensing and relaxing muscle groups can help you relax voluntarily when feeling overwhelmed, stressed or anxious. Concentrate on the shoulder and neck regions of the body, where stress often builds.
4. Be kind to yourself. Treat yourself with the same compassion you would a friend and allow others to help as you would help them.
5. Stay connected. Even if you can’t get together face-to-face, you can stay connected to friends, family and neighbors with phone calls, text messages, video chats and social media. If you’re feeling lonely, sad or anxious, reach out to your social support networks – all is kept confidential. Share what you are feeling and offer to listen to friends or family members about their feelings. We are all experiencing this scary and uncPerson holding a fishertain time together.
6. Monitor media consumption. While you might want to stay up-to the minute with COVID-19 news, too much exposure can be overwhelming. Balance media consumption with other activities you enjoy, such as playing with pets, reading, cooking, fishing at the farm pond, playing games with family or listening to music.

Adding small changes to your routine each day can make a big difference to your overall mood and well-being. Just remember, if you need help, help is available.

Filed Under: Blueberry, Commercial Ag Updates, Cranberry, Disease Forecasting, Field, Forage & Livestock, Food Safety, Fruit, Landscape, Nursery, & Turf, Nursery, Organic Production, Plant Diagnostic Lab, Strawberry, Tree Fruit, Turf, Uncategorized, Vegetable Crops, Wine Grape Tagged With: ,
April 24, 2020

Chemical Alternative Options to Paraquat for Weed Control in Vegetable Crops

Spraying for pests in a field Paraquat is an herbicide labeled on various crops species for row middles applications. However, with new paraquat use restrictions in place, vegetable growers may be interested by other herbicide options available for controlling emerged weed seedlings. Paraquat controls numerous annual grasses and broadleaf weeds seedlings by inhibiting plant photosynthesis. Its acts quickly by contact when absorbed by plant foliage and has no soil activity due to complete soil adsorption. Because of poor translocation, it is essential to have complete foliar coverage to achieve good weed control. Hence, the need for a non-ionic surfactant and the importance of making sure that weeds are not taller than 6” when direct-spraying paraquat in row middles. Paraquat offers relatively good crop safety because it does not translocate and will control a wide range of annual weeds at the seedling stage, which makes it the herbicide of choice for postemergence row middles weed control in labeled crops.

However, paraquat high toxicity to humans either through ingestion, breathing, or simple dermal contact justifies its “Restricted Use Pesticide” classification and the implementation of new EPA regulations since November 2019 (https://plant-pest-advisory.rutgers.edu/gramoxone-paraquat-mandatory-training-required-before-use/)

Chemical alternatives to paraquat are available for vegetable growers but may not provide a similar level of weed control or can have more detrimental effects when contacting the crop because of their systemic activity. All the alternative options presented in this post are classified by WSSA Group Numbers which are based on herbicide site of actions within the plants. All recommendations provided here are strictly limited to shielded row middle applications. Consult label for approved surfactants, application restrictions, pre-harvest intervals, and crop rotation restrictions. The mention of trade names and rates is for educational purposes and does not imply endorsement by the author or the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Always defer to the product label for instructions on properly applying an herbicide.

 Labeled Crops for Postemergence Row Middles Herbicides

WSSA Group Product Name Asparagus Strawberry Cucumbers Pumkin, winter, and summer squash Cantaloupe Watermelon Eggplant Pepper Tomato
2 League – – – – YES YES – YES YES
Sandea 75 DF YES – YES YES YES YES – YES YES
Solida 25DF – – – – – – – – YES
4 Spur / Stinger 3A YES1 YES2 – – – – – – –
Weedar 64 YES YES – – – – – – –
5 Metribuzin 75DF – – – – – – – – YES
7 Lorox 50DF YES – – – – – – – –
14 Aim EC YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Reflex 2SL – – – YES3,4 – YES3 – – –
22 Reglone – – – – – – – – YES5
27 Callisto YES – – – – – – – –

1 Only Spur is labeled for use on asparagus

2 Only Stinger is labeled for use on strawberry

3 Special Local Need label approved for New Jersey and expiring on Dec. 21, 2022

4 Labeled only for straight neck yellow, crooked neck yellow, and zucchini summer squash types

5 Special Local Need label approved for New Jersey and expiring on Dec. 31, 2021

Group 2 – Inhibition of amino acids biosythesis

Sandea (halosulfuron), League (imazosulfuron), and Solida (rimsulfuron) have both preemergence and postemergence activity. These herbicides will control emerged seedlings of galinsoga, pigweeds, and ragweed, and suppress yellow nutsedge. League has shown good suppressive activity of common purslane. However, they are weak on common groundsel, common lambsquarters, eastern black nightshade. Sandea and League have little to no activity on grasses whereas Solida will have fair activity on crabgrass, barnyardgrass, and foxtail, but not on goosegrass or fall panicum. Thus, these herbicides should always be tank mixed with an herbicide partner for broadening their weed control spectrum. These herbicides have systemic activity and contact with the planted crop should always be avoided. Postemergence activity will be achieved if targeted weeds are no taller than 3” tall and if the appropriate surfactant is added to the spray solution.

Group 4 – Plant growth regulators

Spur/Stinger (clopyralid) is a soil residual and postemergence herbicide that received a 24(c) Special Local Need label for use on strawberry in New Jersey. Label allows spring and post-harvest applications to control composites (thistle, ragweed, dandelion, groundsel, galinsoga) and leguminous (clover, vetch, mugwort) weeds. It has very little to no activity on other broadleaf weed as well as on grasses. Stinger should not be tank-mixed with any other herbicide or with a surfactant. Weedar 64 (2,4-D) is strictly a postemergence herbicide only labeled for use on asparagus and strawberry. Weedar is active on many annual and perennial broadleaf weeds but is weak on galinsoga and has no activity on grasses. Because of the risk of physical or volatility drift associated with growth regulator herbicides, Stinger, Spur or Weedar should never be applied if sensitive crops (cucurbits, eggplant, pepper, tomato) are planted nearby or if conditions (wind, inversion temperature, topography) favor drift.

Group 5 and 7 – Photosynthesis inhibitors

Metribuzin (metribuzin) is a soil residual and postemergence herbicide labeled for use on tomato that will primarily control broadleaf weeds no taller than 1”. Metribuzin provides good control of young seedlings of most broadleaf weeds, except for morningglories and nightshades. Metribuzin can be applied postemergence as a directed spray at least 2 weeks after transplanting and when tomato plants have reached the 5-leaf stage. injury. Lorox (linuron) is labeled for use on asparagus as a postemergence spray before the cutting season or immediately after cutting. Lorox will provide similar control to metribuzin on weeds no taller than 4”. Both Metribuzin and Lorox are providing poor control of grasses and should therefore be tank mixed with a graminicide if grass seedlings have already emerged. Contact with the planted crop should always be avoided to reduce the risk of herbicide injury.

Group 14 – Cell membrane disrupters

Aim (carfentrazone) is strictly a postemergence herbicides that acts by contact on many annual broadleaf weeds no taller than 3-4”. It has no activity on grasses and only poor to fair efficacy on cocklebur, jimsonweed, and common purslane. Complete foliar coverage is essential to achieve good weed control and will require mixing COC, MSO or a non-ionic surfactant. Reflex (fomesafen) received a 24(c) Special Local Need label for use on pumphin, watermelon, winter and summer squash. Reflex has both soil residual and postemergence activity. It will provide fair to good control of various broadleaf weeds, including galinsoga, pigweeds, jimsonweed, nightshads, ragweed, carpetweed and shepherd’s purse, but is weak on grasses. Row middle applications should be made prior to emergence or transplanting for pumpkin and squashes, but are allowed post-transplant for watermelon. Applications should always be made with a shielded sprayer to avoid crop injury.

Group 22 – Cell membrane disrupters

Reglone (diquat) is a postemergence non selective herbicides that belongs to paraquat herbicidal family but has a lower toxicity. Reglone received a 24(c) Special Local Need label for shielded applications in tomato row middles. Spray coverage is essential for optimum effectiveness and can be achieved by mixing a non-ionic surfactant to the spray solution. Reglone is expected to have a similar weed control spectrum than paraquat but local data are needed to confirm its efficacy, especially on grasses.

Group 27 – Pigment inhibitors

Callisto (mesotrione) has both soil residual and postemergence activity and is labeled on asparagus for banded application prior to soear emergence or after harvest. Callisto applied postemergence will provide excellent control of annual broadleaf weeds such as galinsoga, lambsquarters, morningglories, pigweeds, nightshades, or velvetleaf. Callisto is not effective for controlling grasses and only provide limited control of common purslane and common ragweed. Callisto can also help suppressing yellow nutsedge. Applications for controlling targeted weed seedlings should always include COC or a non-ionic surfactant in addition to ammonium sulfate for improving Callisto burndown effectiveness. Weeds should not be taller than 5″ for optimal control.

 

In summary, there are other chemical options that can replace paraquat for control of emerged weeds in row middles in vegetables. However, most of them will have a more restricted spectrum of weed control than paraquat and will require the growers to properly identify the weed species before deciding which postemergence herbicide they want to use. Most of these herbicides have little to no control of grasses and will therefore require mixing a postemergence grass herbicide such as clethodim or sethoxydim for controlling emerged grass seedlings. Finally, timing of application with regard to weed growth stage is more critical with alternative options than with paraquat, since most of these herbicides require weeds no taller than 3 to 4″, or even 1″ for some herbicides, for achieving proper control.

 

Filed Under: Vegetable Crops Tagged With: , , , , ,