Commercial Ag Updates + Farm Food Safety

Rutgers Cooperative Extension Ag Agents provide updates on what they see in the field, upcoming events, and other important news that affects your operation, such as developments in on-farm Food Safety. Subscribe if you wish to be notified about workshops, meetings, and upcoming commercial ag events.
 
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Managing Alternaria in Brassicas

Managing Alternaria in Brassicas

Alternaria leaf blight, head rot, or black spot are primarily caused by the fungus Alternaria brassicicola. This disease primarily develops in cool, wet weather.

On leaves, symptoms start with round brown spots that develop concentric circles. A yellow halo often extends around the outside of the lesion. More lesions will develop across the leaf surface. Black, sooty rot can develop on broccoli and cauliflower heads and can progress quickly.

Alternaria can be seedborne, so always buy seed from a reputable source. If not already treated by the supplier, seed can be heat treated to kill pathogens (See Mid-Atlantic Commercial Vegetable Recommendations 2026/2027 pg 220 for details). Choose resistant cultivars whenever possible.

Remove or bury diseased crop residue at the end of the season. Use a 3-year crop rotation before planting another Brassica crop in the same location to allow overwintering spore populations to decrease. This includes cover crops in the Brassica family that can also serve as hosts. Control weed species in the Brassica family such as mustards and shepherd’s purse.

Fungicide applications should begin prior to the onset of disease development and continue under environmental conditions favorable for disease. Because this pathogen infects the heads, pay particular attention to PHIs when sprays are needed near the harvest window. Rotate FRAC groups to reduce the chance of resistance development. Resistance to azoxystrobin, QoI group 11 fungicide, and boscalid and penthiopyrad, SDHI group 7 fungicides, has been reported in some regions. If applications seem to be ineffective, contact your Extension agent, and use a different FRAC group.

Research trials at the University of Georgia by Kaur et al. (2025) evaluated two conventional spray programs on ‘Emerald Crown’ broccoli to control Alternaria leaf blight and found both to significantly reduce disease severity compared to non-treated plots.

Program 1: Luna Sensation 7.6 fl oz/A, Inspire Super 20 fl oz/A, Aprovia Top 13.5 fl oz/A, Bravo Weather Stik 1.5 pts/A, and Priaxor 8 fl oz/A.

Program 2: Bravo Weather Stik 1.5 pts/A, Luna Sensation 7.6 fl oz/A, Inspire Super 20 fl oz/A, Aprovia Top 13.5 fl oz/A, and Priaxor 8 fl oz/A.

Additional fungicide recommendations can be found in the Mid-Atlantic Commercial Vegetable Recommendations Cole Crops: Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Collards, Kale, and Kohlrabi – 2026/2027 Mid-Atlantic Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations

*Product labels supersede all recommendations provided in this article. The label is the law. Follow all instructions and ensure the product is labeled for your location.

References:

Hoidal, N. Alternaria leaf spot and head rot of Brassica crops. 2023. University of Minnesota Extension. https://extension.umn.edu/agriculture/specialty-crops/vegetable-farming/disease-management/alternaria-leaf-blight#cultural-controls-3119561

Humpherson-Jones, F. M., Phelps, K. 1989. Climatic factors influencing spore production in Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola. Ann. Appl. Biol. 114:449-458.

Kaur, N., Foster, M. J., Donahoo, W. M., and Dutta, B. 2025. Evaluation of fungicide programs for the management of Alternaria leaf blight and head rot in broccoli in Tift County, Georgia, 2024 to 2025. Plant Health Progress 26(4):757. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-06-25-0173-PDMR.

Kaur, N., Malik, A. A., Cerritos-Garcia, D. G., Koch Bach, R. A., Everhart, S., and Dutta, B. 2025. Cross-resistance in Alternaria brassicicola from naturally infested broccoli seeds against two succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides ed. Gladys Alexandre. Appl Environ Microbiol 91(10). https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01083-25.

What is the Right Time to Terminate Irrigation in Soybean?

Knowing the ideal time for terminating soybean irrigation is very important. Stopping irrigation too soon decreases kernel size and grain yield while stopping it too late incurs unnecessary extra cost. Using information on “crop development stage” and “soil moisture levels in root zone” is helpful in determining ideal termination time for irrigation.

The right pods to check

First step is to check with your seed dealer to see what variety (indeterminate or determinate) of soybean you are growing. For indeterminate variety, the pods at the top four nodes of the main stem, having fully developed leaves, should be examined to determine the growth stage. In case of determinate varieties, growth stage identification can be performed anywhere throughout the plant as pods develop uniformly along the stem. For growth stage assessment, include plants from all representative field sections (possibly known), with particular attention to later-developing areas.

Identify the growth stages

  • R5 is a “beginning seed” stage when seed starts to develop, attaining 1/8 inch of length.
  • R6 is a “full seed” stage when pods have full seed (green) that completely fills the pod cavity.
  • R6.5 is a “late seed fill” stage when seed (contained in the pod) gets fully separated from the protective membrane of the pod wall.
  • To look for photos of different soybean growth stages (including R5, R6, and R6.5), please visit this link- https://extension.msstate.edu/publications/guide-soybean-growth-stages

How to make a final decision on irrigation

  • Once your soybean plants are at R6.5, it’s generally the right time to terminate irrigation if your field’s root zone has sufficient moisture to sustain the rest of seed filling. If your soybean plants are at R6, they still need irrigation.
  • To guide irrigation termination timing, it is helpful to i) Keep in mind that the sandy soils in Southern New Jersey have limited soil-water reserves, ii) Check moisture in root-zone with sensors or soil sampling at or just before soybean reaches R6.5 stage, iii) Stay up to date with the weather forecasts, and iv) Reassess the decision in case expected rainfall does not come.

Summary/ Takeaway Message

Use R6.5 growth stage identification method and soil moisture information to decide your irrigation termination time. Do not rely only on the calendar, leaf color, or mature-looking pods on lower part of the plant.

References

Questions? Contact Ramandeep Kumar Sharma at rs2794@njaes.rutgers.edu.

Wine Tourism Trends Workshop Series

MAKING WINE TOURISM TRENDS WORK FOR YOU

Workshop Series

Unlock the latest wine tourism trends and learn how to turn them into real opportunities for your business. This series of 4 workshops offers practical insights, fresh ideas, and simple strategies to help you attract visitors, enhance experiences, and stay ahead in a fast evolving market.

Thursdays, September 24 through October 15, 2026

7.00pm – 8.00pm, Virtual

Register here: https://go.rutgers.edu/hc1xj61h

*Individual workshops are $15 each, or register for all 4 workshops for a discounted rate of $47.

For any questions please call (609) 465 5115 ext. 3607 or email capemayag@njaes.rutgers.edu

WTT Workshop Series-1

WTT Workshop Series-2

Wine Tourism Trends Workshop Series

MAKING WINE TOURISM TRENDS WORK FOR YOU

Workshop Series

Unlock the latest wine tourism trends and learn how to turn them into real opportunities for your business. This series of 4 workshops offers practical insights, fresh ideas, and simple strategies to help you attract visitors, enhance experiences, and stay ahead in a fast evolving market.

Thursdays, September 24 through October 15, 2026

7.00pm – 8.00pm, Virtual

Register here: https://go.rutgers.edu/hc1xj61h

*Individual workshops are $15 each, or register for all 4 workshops for a discounted rate of $47.

For any questions please call (609) 465 5115 ext. 3607 or email capemayag@njaes.rutgers.edu

WTT Workshop Series-1

WTT Workshop Series-2

Sustainable Agriculture Seminar Series

Are you interested in improving the sustainability of your farm while also increasing your farm’s productivity and success? Join us to explore topics in sustainable agriculture through this virtual seminar series! This initial offering of four sessions will be held on Zoom from 12-1 pm ET on the below dates and cover an introduction to sustainable agriculture and soil health management.

This series is intended for any farmers looking to enhance their production systems by adopting new sustainable practices. Additional information can be found on the attached flyer. Seminars will be recorded and shared afterwards for those unable to attend live.

Please register at this link to receive the Zoom link for the seminar: Sustainable Agriculture Seminar Series Registration

Sustainable Ag Seminar Series Flyer 2026 (2)

  • What is sustainable agriculture, and how can it help my farm?
    • Tuesday, October 6th 12 – 1 p.m.
  • Starting from the ground up: physical properties of soil health
    • Tuesday, October 20th 12 – 1 p.m.
  • Cover crops to improve soil health and farm profitability
    • Thursday, November 5th 12 – 1 p.m.
  • Soil as an ecosystem: microbial soil biology and crop health
    • Tuesday, November 17th 12 – 1 p.m.

 

Rutgers On-Farm Food Safety: Online FSMA Two-Day Training, September 29 and 30, 2026 9:00-12:00, both days

Who Should Attend

Fruit and vegetable growers and others interested in learning about produce safety, the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) Produce Safety Rule, Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs), and co-management of natural resources and food safety. The PSA Grower Training Course is one way to satisfy the FSMA Produce Safety Rule requirement outlined in § 112.22(c) that requires ‘At least one supervisor or responsible party for your farm must have successfully completed food safety training at least equivalent to that received under standardized curriculum recognized as adequate by the Food and Drug Administration.

What to Expect at the PSA Grower Training Course

The trainers will spend approximately seven hours of instruction time covering seven modules:

  • Introduction to Produce Safety
  • Worker Health, Hygiene, and Training
  • Soil Amendments
  • Wildlife, Domesticated Animals, and Land Use
  • Agricultural Water (Part I: Production Water; Part II: Postharvest Water)
  • Postharvest Handling and Sanitation
  • How to Develop a Farm Food Safety Plan

Cost of Training is $100.00 and registration closes on September 12th.

After attending the entire two-day course, participants will be eligible to receive a certificate from the Association of Food and Drug Officials (AFDO) that verifies they have completed the training course. To receive an AFDO certificate, a participant must be present for the entire training and submit the appropriate survey to their trainer at the end of the course.

Register Online: https://rutgers.ca1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_2aivUtkSI4Rj69E

For more information contact:

Jennifer Matthews, Senior Program Coordinator, Rutgers On- Farm Food Safety Team – jmatthews@njaes.rutgers.edu