March 22, 2022

Pest Scouting Update – 25 to 150 GDDs Plus Printable resources!

Additional resource: SLF EGG MASS GUIDE – USE FOR TRAINING (click here to download)

We have compiled the GDD resources into one single document – please download and print multiple copies of this for yourself and employees in efforts to best scout for these insect pests. These guides do not dictate when to spray, rather they inform scouting ranges for insect pests, vulnerable life-stages, and overlapping timeframes for multiple troublesome pests.

Please Download these resources:

Nursery and Landscape Pest Scouting Guide 2022 PDF (note this contains conifer pests as well)

Conifer Pest Scouting Guide 2022 PDF

Refer to this post “Obtaining your local growing degree-days” for additional information 

We will be making regular announcements throughout the season, however we wanted you to have this beta-version of the compiled growing-degree day information. This will be updated and modified throughout the season – PLEASE let me know what difference you are seeing in the field so we can continue to make this resource better for all of us.   

Contact: twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu (or call the Cumberland County Extension Office – 856-451-2800)

Growing degree-days as of writing this 3/22/22 (using USPEST.org weather station codes):

  • Southern (NJ50): 74
  • Central (NJ10): 72
  • Northeastern (Greater NYC Metro area (D6302): 41
  • Northwestern (NJ59): 21
  • Crop type Common Name Scientific Name GDD Min (50F) GDD Max (95F) Reference Developmental / Target Stage
    Conifer Zimmerman pine moth Dioryctria zimmermani 25 100 3 1st larvae
    Conifer Cooley spruce gall adelgid Adelges cooleyi 25 120 3 Spring control of overwintering stage
    Conifer Eastern spruce gall adelgid Adelges abietis 25 100 3 Spring control of overwintering stage
    Conifer Northern pine weevil Pissodes approximatus 25 100 4 1st adults active
    Conifer Zimmerman pine moth Dioryctria zimmermani 25 100 3 1st larvae active
    Conifer Cooley spruce gall adelgid Adelges cooleyi 25 120 3 Spring control of overwintering stage
    Conifer White pine weevil Pissodes strobi 25 220 4 1st adults active
    Shade trees European fruit lecanium Parthenolecanium corni 35 145 2 Spring control of overwintering stage
    Many, evergreen Euonymus scale Unaspis euonymi 35 120 2 Spring control of overwintering stage
    Conifer European pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer 35 145 1 Hatched larvae
    Conifer Fletcher scale Parthenolecanium fletcheri 35 148 2 Spring control of overwintering stage
    Conifer European pine shoot moth / borer Rhyacionia buoiana 50 220 4 1st larvae active
    Maples Maple bladdergall mite Vasates quadripedes 58 148 2 Spring control of overwintering stage
    Honeylocust Honeylocust plant bug Diaphnocoris chlorionis 58 246 2 Nympths / adults active
    Conifer Pine tortoise scale Toumeyela parvicornis 58 148 2 Cralwer activity
    Conifer Pine bark adelgid Pineus strobi 58 618 2 Spring control of overwintering stage
    Conifer Balsam twig aphid Mindarus abietinus 60 100 4 Egg hatch
    Many Southern red mite Oligonychus ilicis 69 157 RU Spring hatch
    Conifer Eastern pine shoot borer Eucosma gloriola 75 200 4 1st adults active
    Malus, Prunus, many Eastern tent caterpillar Malacosoma americanum 90 190 2 Larvae treatment before tents apparent
    Many Gypsy moth Lymantria dispar 90 448 RU Larvae treatment (early instars)
    Conifer Cooley spruce gall adelgid Adelges cooleyi 90 180 4 1st adults active – Douglas fir
    Malus, Prunus, many Eastern tent caterpillar Malacosoma americanum 90 190 2 Larvae treatment before tents apparent (near 150-GDD50)
    Malus, Prunus, many Eastern tent caterpillar Malacosoma americanum 90 190 2 Larvae treatment before tents apparent (near 150-GDD50)
    Conifer Balsam twig aphid Mindarus abietinus 100 150 4 Stem mothers present (control target)
    Conifer Pine engraver (Ips bark beetle) Ips spp. 100 150 4 1st adults active
    Conifer European pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer 100 195 4 1st larvae active
    Pieris Andromeda lace bug Stephanitis takeyai 115 279 RU Nymphs (1st generation)
    Azalea Azalea lace bug Stephanitis pyrioides 118 372 RU Nymphs (1st generation)
    Conifer Larch casebearer Coleophora laricella 120 150 4 Egg hatch
    Elm, Service berry Woolly elm aphid Eriosoma americana 121 246 2 (6) Control target
    Elm, Service berry Woolly elm aphid Eriosoma americana 121 246 2 (6) Control target
    Birch Birch leafminer Fenusa pusilla 123 290 RU Adults – egg laying
    Many Gypsy moth Lymantria dispar 145 200 4 Egg hatch, 1st larvae
    Holly Holly leaf miner Phytomyza ilicis 147 265 RU Adults – egg laying
    Many Cankerworms, inch-worms, loopers (many) 148 290 2 Larvae treatment
    Lilac, ash, privet, many Lilac / Ash Borer Podosesia syringae 148 299 2 Adult flight
    Yews, Rhododendrons, many Black Vine Weevil Otiorhynchus sulcatus 148 400 2 Pupation / Adult emergence
    Dogwood, many Dogwood Borer Synanthedon scitula 148 700 2 Adult activity
    Conifer Spruce spider mite Oligonychus ununguis 150 175 4 1st egg hatch
    Conifer Spruce needleminer Endothenia albolineana 150 200 4 1st larvae active
    Conifer Balsam gall midge Paradiplosis tumifex 150 300 4 Adults laying eggs
    Conifer Hemlock woolly adelgid Adelges tsugae 150 150 RU Eggs and 10% hatch
    Conifer Spruce spider mite Oligonychus ununguis 150 175 4 1st egg hatch
    Conifer Spruce needleminer Endothenia albolineana 150 200 4 1st larvae active
    Conifer Balsam gall midge Paradiplosis tumifex 150 300 4 Adults laying eggs
    Conifer Hemlock woolly adelgid Adelges tsugae 150 150 RU Eggs and 10% hatch
    Conifer Spruce spider mite Oligonychus ununguis 150 175 4 1st egg hatch
    Conifer Spruce needleminer Endothenia albolineana 150 200 4 1st larvae active
    Conifer Balsam gall midge Paradiplosis tumifex 150 300 4 Adults laying eggs

References:

RU Rutgers Cooperative Extension – Landscape IPM Notes
2 http://ccetompkins.org/resources/using-growing-degree-days-for-insect-management
3 https://extension.psu.edu/ipm-basics-for-christmas-trees#section-2
4 https://www.canr.msu.edu/ipm/agriculture/christmas_trees/gdd_of_conifer_insects
5 https://www.agriculture.nh.gov/publications-forms/documents/landscape-pests.pdf
6 https://extension.umd.edu/ipm/pest-predictive-calendar-landscapenursery
7 https://www.canr.msu.edu/ipm/agriculture/christmas_trees/gdd_of_landscape_insects
Unv. Del. Coorespondance with Dr. Kunkel (University of Delaware)-evolving GDD ranges
Compiled by – Timothy J. Waller, Ph.D. – Rutgers Cooperative Extension, Cumberland County Nursery Crops – twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu

 

Filed Under: Landscape, Nursery, & Turf, Nursery, Plant Diagnostic Lab, Turf Tagged With: , , , , , , ,
March 9, 2022

Grower Alert: Don’t Let Spotted Lanternfly Impact Spring Shipping

The following is an alert and reminder from NJDA and NJNLA

The spring shipping season is upon us, and Spotted Lanternfly (SLF) should be one of your top concerns. You are probably well aware of the shipping disruptions that could occur if any life stage of Spotted Lanternfly is found on outbound deliveries from NJ growers.

No doubt many of you heeded the NJ Dept. of Agriculture’s recommendations last fall and implemented control measures to prevent the spread of neighboring infestations into your nursery or greenhouse facility. To the extent that those efforts might have come up short, you would be well advised to begin scouting and removing any egg masses (and adult carcasses) from your crops – especially as items are being loaded for shipment. Otherwise, you run the risk of contaminated shipments being fully rejected by the vigorous inspections that are planned at out-of-state retail and landscape destinations this season.

Even though you may disagree with these measures, be advised that it remains within the discretion of any state to impose crippling load-by-load phytosanitary requirements on future deliveries.

Load-rejections that occurred last fall underscore the seriousness of the Spotted Lanternfly situation and the far-reaching impact it might have on your business and the NJ industry at large.

Additionally, Spotted Lanternfly training permits are required for each company driver who delivers your plants out-of-state. This training is relatively simple and available online by clicking HERE.

Should you have any questions, please feel free to reach out to NJNLA (609-291-7070) or the NJ Department of Agriculture Plant Diagnostic Lab (609-406-6939).

Joseph Zoltowski, NJDA; Ed Overdevest and Lori Jenssen, NJNLA

Filed Under: Commercial Ag Updates, Landscape, Nursery, & Turf, Nursery, Vegetable Crops Tagged With: , ,
February 25, 2022

Spotted Lanternfly Summit 2022 (USDA-NIFA + collaborators) – Most up-to-date research from across the region

Next week, many of the researchers focused on the invasive Spotted Lanternfly will be presenting their findings at the 2022 Spotted Lantern Fly Summit.

(Quote from stopSLF.org) “Funding was provided by the Northeastern IPM Center to form a working group in summer of 2018 with Penn State as the lead institution. The working group met several times and submitted a successful proposal to the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative in December 2018 to study the biology, ecology, and management of spotted lanternfly.”

Rutgers and many other universities, Federal, and State research groups from all SLF impacted areas are set to share their most up-to-date findings. Topics will cover various commodities, and will be research heavy, however, these sessions may prove valuable to you and your constituents.

Click here to register for this free event – 2022 Spotted Lanternfly Summit – Updates on research 

 

Filed Under: Commercial Ag Updates, Landscape, Nursery, & Turf, Nursery, Plant Diagnostic Lab, Turf Tagged With: , , , , ,
February 18, 2022

Increasing temperatures = scout for insects pests! 2022 Nursery and Conifer Pest Scouting Guides HERE

With the increases in daily temperature averages expected over the next week for the southern and central areas of NJ, pest scouting should commence on commercially important ornamental crops and landscapes. Typically, in our region, growing degree-days (GDD50) are counted beginning March 1st (known as a biofix date), however this year by March first we may see degree-day accumulation approaching 20+. Therefor scouting efforts should be commenced, especially in conifers. 

We have compiled the GDD resources into one single document – please download and print multiple copies of this for yourself and employees in efforts to best scout for these insect pests. These guides do not dictate when to spray, rather they inform scouting ranges for insect pests, vulnerable life-stages, and overlapping timeframes for multiple troublesome pests.

Download here:

Nursery and Landscape Pest Scouting Guide 2022 PDF (note this contains conifer pests as well)

Conifer Pest Scouting Guide 2022 PDF

Refer to this post “Obtaining your local growing degree-days” for additional information 

We will be making regular announcements throughout the season, however we wanted you to have this beta-version of the compiled growing-degree day information. This will be updated and modified throughout the season – PLEASE let me know what difference you are seeing in the field so we can continue to make this resource better for all of us.   

Contact: twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu (or call the Cumberland County Extension Office – 856-451-2800)

Growing degree-days as of writing this (using USPEST.org weather station codes):

  • Southern (NJ50): 13
  • Central (NJ10): 13
  • Northeastern (Greater NYC Metro area (D6302) and Northwestern (NJ59): 0

Crop type

Common Name

Scientific Name

GDD Min (50F)

GDD Max (95F)

Reference

Developmental / Target Stage
Conifer
Conifer rust mites
Eriophyidae
7
22
4
Overwintering eggs hatch
Pomes, Stone fruit
European red mite
Panonychus ulmi
7
58
2
1st adults active
Conifer
White pine weevil
Pissodes strobi
7
58
RU
Overwintering adults become active / prevent egg laying
Deciduous
Oystershell scale
Lepidosaphes ulmi
7
91
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Deciduous, Yew
Cottony camellia / taxus scale
Pulvinaria floccifera
7
91
5
Spring control of overwintering stage
Many
Southern red mite
Oligonychus ilicis
7
91
5
Overwintering eggs hatch
Conifer
Taxus mealybug
Dysmicoccus wistariae
7
91
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Oaks
Kermes oak scales
Kermes spp.
7
91
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Conifer
Elongate hemlock scale
Fiorinia externa
7
120
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Many
Aphids
Aphidoidea
7
120
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Conifer
Spruce spider mite
Oligonychus ununguis
7
121
RU
Overwintering eggs hatch
Oaks
Golden oak scale
Asterolecanium variolosum
7
121
5
Spring control of overwintering stage
Conifer
Pales weevil
Hylobius pales
7
121
RU
Overwintering adults become active / prevent egg laying
Magnoliaceae
Tuliptree scale
Toumeyella liriodendri
12
121
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Rhododendron, Azalea
Azalea lacebug
Stephanitis pyrioides
18
372
RU
Spring control of overwintering stage
White and Scotch Pine
White pine aphid
Cinara strobi
22
91
RU
Spring control of overwintering stage
Conifer
Pine bark adelgid
Pineus strobi
22
58
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Magnoliaceae
Magnolia scale
Neolecanium cornuparvum
22
91
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Conifer
Spruce bud scale
Physokermes piceae
22
120
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Conifer
Juniper scale
Carulaspis juniperi
22
148
2
Spring control of overwintering stage
Filed Under: Landscape, Nursery, & Turf, Nursery, Plant Diagnostic Lab, Turf Tagged With: , , , , , , , , , , ,
August 4, 2021

Nursery – Pest Scouting Guide for August – Reminders – Need a few more nurseries for Phytophthora sampling

NURSERY PEST SCOUTING GUIDE – August (1300-2200 GDD50)

Please download and print the pest scouting guide resource (printable version of the information below for your desk or truck) –(click on the link and then print): 

Projected GDD50 accumulation as of 8/4/2021
Region Location 1-Aug 1-Sep 1-Oct 1-Nov –
Southern Upper Deerfield (NJ50) 2145 2931 3477 3682 –
Central Howell / Freehold (NJ10) 1896 2630 3109 3249 –
Northern High Point (NJ59) 1490 2045 2352 2384 –
Forecast: NOAA NCEP Coupled Forecast System model version 2 (CFSv2) forecast system (3.5 months) (USPEST.ORG)

 

(Same material as downloads)

Pest Scouting – Growing Degree-day Ranges  (1600-3000 GDD50) 
CROP TYPE Common Name Scientific Name GDD Min (50F) GDD Max (95F) Reference Developmental / Target Stage
Many Redheaded flea beetle Systena frontalis 1570 1860 Udel. 2nd generation egg hatch
Many Two-banded Japanese weevil Pseudocneorhinus bifasciatus 1644 2271 RU Adults
Willow Willow twig aphids Lachnus spp. 1644 2271 5 Typical treatment window
Conifer Juniper webworm Dichomeris marginella 1645 1917 RU Larvae Treatment
Euonymus Euonymus Scale Unaspis euonymil 1700 – RU Prophylactic 2nd generation treatments
Conifer Cryptomeria scale Aspidiotus cryptomeriae 1750 2130 RU, 4 Crawlers emerge (2nd generation)
Many Obscure scale Melanaspis obscura 1774 – 6 Egg hatch / crawler
Oaks Oak skeletonizer Bucculatrix ainsliella 1798 2155 RU Larvae
Conifer Arborvitae leafminer Argyresthia thuiella 1800 2200 RU Larvae Treatment (3rd generation)
Mimosa, Honeylocust Mimosa webworm Homadaula anisocentra 1800 2100 RU Larvae (2nd generation)
Conifer Cooley spruce gall adelgid Adelges cooleyi 1850 1950 RU Galls open (Spruce)
Many Redheaded flea beetle Systena frontalis 1878 2318 Udel. 2nd generation Adults feeding
Turf Hairy chinch bug  Blissus leucopterus 1903 2160 RU Second generation- 50%- 2nd instars
Tulip Tuliptree aphid Illinoia liriodendri 1917 2033 RU Nymphs
Conifer Zimmerman pine moth Dioryctria zimmermani 1917 2154 5 Treatment window (adult flight-1700 GDD)
Mainly Oaks Orangestriped oakworm Anisota senatoria 1917 – 6 Egg hatch – early instars
Conifer White pine aphid Cinara strobi 1991 2271 RU Adults
Rhododendron Azalea whitefly Pealius azaleae 2032 2150 5 Adults/nymphs (3rd generation)
Maple Sugar maple borer Glycobius speciosus 2032 2375 5 Typical treatment window
Conifer Maskell scale lepidosaphes pallia 2035 – 6 Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation)
Mainly Tulip Tulip tree scale Toumeyella liriodendri 2037 2629 RU Crawlers (1st generation)
Mainly Magnolia Magnolia scale Neolecanium cornuparvum 2155 2800 RU Crawlers (1st generation)
Euonymus Euonymus Scale Unaspis euonymil 2235 – 6 Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation)
Locust Locust borer Magacyllene robiniae 2271 2805 5 Typical treatment window
Poplar and Willow Poplar and willow borer  Crytorhynchus lapathi 2271 2806 5 Typical treatment window
Conifer Spruce spider mite  Oligonychus ununguis 2375 2806 5 Typical treatment window – fall activity
Many Southern red mite Oligonychus ilicis 2500 2700 5 Typical treatment window
Maple Japanese maple scale Lopholeucaspis japonica 2508 – 6 Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation)
Yew, many conifers Fletcher Scale (Yew) Parthenolecanium fletcheri 2515 2800 RU Fall control of overwintering stage
Conifer Elongate hemlock scale  Fiorinia externa 2515 2625 RU Typical treatment window – fall activity
Hardwoods Fall webworm Hyphantria cunea 2793 – 6 Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation)
Conifer Cooley spruce gall adelgid Adelges cooleyi 2800 3000 3 Fall control of overwintering stage
Conifer Eastern spruce gall adelgid Adelges abietis 2800 3000 3 Fall control of overwintering stage
Note: Growing degree-day values utilize daily average air temperatures with a minimum temperature threshold (a.k.a. ‘base’) of 50F = GDD50 (max. temp. threshold set at 95F). These values are accumulated from a biofix date, such as January or March 1st in the NE USA. Provided GDD50 are scouting ranges and should be truthed. References RU Rutgers Cooperative Extension – Landscape IPM Notes
2 http://ccetompkins.org/resources/using-growing-degree-days-for-insect-management
3 https://extension.psu.edu/ipm-basics-for-christmas-trees#section-2
4 https://www.canr.msu.edu/ipm/agriculture/christmas_trees/gdd_of_conifer_insects
5 https://www.agriculture.nh.gov/publications-forms/documents/landscape-pests.pdf
Daily GDD50 =                                                                                                  (Max + Min temp.) / 2 – 50 (min temp. threshold) 6 https://extension.umd.edu/ipm/pest-predictive-calendar-landscapenursery
7 https://www.canr.msu.edu/ipm/agriculture/christmas_trees/gdd_of_landscape_insects
Unv. Del. Coorespondance with Dr. Kunkel (University of Delaware)-evolving GDD ranges
Compiled 8-04-2021 – Timothy J. Waller, Ph.D. – Rutgers Cooperative Extension, Cumberland County Nursery Crops – twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu

 

Redheaded flea beetle considerations:

Adults should be surfacing any day in the southern regions of the state. However, in two sentinel plot locations I have yet to see second generation adults as of 8/3/2021.

Contact materials aimed at managing developing larvae (especially growth regulators) may be particularly useful at this time. Contact materials or fast acting systemics should be used to target adults in the next few days to weeks. The use of long lasting systemics should also be considered to protect foliage from the next generations adults (if a third generation occurs) and again late season to guard from first generation adults in the 2022 spring season.

These GDD estimates and corresponding calendars are evolving as we continue to learn more about this pest. If you have high populations please contact Tim Waller so we can continue to adapt our recommendations in NJ.  Email: twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu

 

SURVEY REQUESTS

WE NEED A FEW MORE FARMS!! Please answer a few questions if you would like to be included in a statewide Phytophthora in Conifer Nurseries sampling project 

Please fill out this brief survey if you are experiencing damages due to Redheaded flea beetle (RHFB)

Contact – Timothy J. Waller – twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu for more information

Filed Under: Landscape, Nursery, & Turf, Nursery, Turf Tagged With: , , , , , , , , , , ,
July 6, 2021

Nursery – Pest Scouting Guide for July – BWB and RHFB Reminders

NURSERY PEST SCOUTING GUIDE – JULY (1300-2200 GDD50)

Please download and print the pest scouting guide resources (printable version of the information below for your desk or truck) –(click on the link and then print): 

To determine your local growing degree-days, please review this post “Obtaining your local growing degree-day information”

Projected GDD50 accumulation as of 7/1/2021
Region Location 1-Jul 1-Aug 1-Sep 1-Oct 1-Nov
Southern Upper Deerfield (NJ50) 1303 2145 2931 3477 3682
Central Howell / Freehold (NJ10) 1102 1896 2630 3109 3249
Northern High Point (NJ59) 884 1490 2045 2352 2384
Forecast: NOAA NCEP Coupled Forecast System model version 2 (CFSv2) forecast system (3.5 months) (USPEST.ORG)

 

(Same material as downloads)

Nursery Pest Scouting – Growing Degree-day Ranges  (1300-2200 GDD50) 
CROP TYPE Common Name Scientific Name GDD Min (50F) GDD Max (95F) Reference Developmental / Target Stage
Many Japanese beetle  Popillia japonica 950 2150 5 Adults emerge and feed
Turf Bluegrass billbug Sphenophorus parvulus 1094 1217 RU Larvae (40%)
Many Indian wax scale Ceroplastes ceriferus 1145 – 6 Crawlers (1st generation)
Many Oriental Beetle Anomala orientalis 1147 – 6 Adult emergence
Euonymus Euonymus Scale Unaspis euonymil 1150 1388 5 2nd generation targeted treatments
Dogwood Dogwood sawfly Macremphytus tarsatus 1151 1500 RU Larvae Treatment
Tulip Tuliptree aphid Illinoia liriodendri 1151 1514 RU Nymphs / adults
Boxwood Boxwood leafminer  Monoarthropalpus flavus 1200 1400 5 Larvae Treatment
Conifer Northern pine weevil Pissodes nemorensis 1200 1400 4 2nd generation adults active
Conifer Pales weevil Hylobius pales 1200 1400 4 Adults 2nd generation
Conifer Pine root collar weevil  Hylobius radicis 1200 1400 4 2nd generation adults active
Conifer White pine weevil Pissodes strobi 1200 1400 4 2nd generation adults active
Rhododendron Azalea whitefly Pealius azaleae 1250 1500 5 Adults/nymphs (2nd generation)
Turf Bluegrass sod webworm Parapediasia teterrella 1250 1920 RU Larvae
Birch Birch Skeletonizer Bucculatrix canadensisella 1266 1580 5 Typical treatment window
Shade trees European fruit lecanium Parthenolecanium corni 1266 1645 5 Crawlers
Many Fall webworm Hyphantria cunea 1266 1795 2 Caterpillars present – larvae treatment
Many Lacebugs ( on hawthorn) Corythucha cydoniae 1266 1544 RU Nymphs / adults
Many Leafhoppers Species within Cicadellidae  1266 1544 RU Nymphs / adults
Privet Privet rust mite Aculus ligustri 1266 1515 5 Second typical treatment window
Conifer Pine Needle Scale Chionaspis pinifoliae 1290 1917 3 Crawlers emerge (2nd generation)
Many Two spotted spider mite  Tetranychus urticae 1300 2000 RU Nymphs / adults
Turf N. Masked chafer Cyclocephala borealis 1377 1579 RU Adults (90%)
Conifer Hemlock scale Abgrallaspis ithacae 1388 2154 5 Typical treatment window
Lilac Lilac leafminer  Caloptilia syringella 1388 1644 5 Typical treatment window
Conifer Cooley spruce gall adelgid Adelges cooleyi 1500 1775 RU Adults/nymphs (Douglas Fir)
Malus, Prunus, many Peachtree borer Synanthedon sp. 1500 1800 RU Larvae Treatment
Conifer Pine Needle Scale Chionaspis pinifoliae 1500 – 4 Hyaline crawlers = treatment timing
Conifer Nantucket tip moth Rhyacionia frustrana 1514 1917 RU Adults 2nd generation
Many Roundheaded apple tree borer Saperda candida 1514 1798 5 Typical treatment window
Many Redheaded flea beetle Systena frontalis 1570 1860 Udel. 2nd generation egg hatch
Many Japanese beetle  Popillia japonica 1590 1925 RU Adults (90%)
Many White prunicola scale Pseudaulacaspis prunicola 1637 – 6 Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation)
Conifer Rust-mites  Nalepella and Setoptus spp. 1644 2030 RU Nymphs / adults
Many Two-banded Japanese weevil Pseudocneorhinus bifasciatus 1644 2271 RU Adults
Willow Willow twig aphids Lachnus spp. 1644 2271 5 Typical treatment window
Conifer Juniper webworm Dichomeris marginella 1645 1917 RU Larvae Treatment
Euonymus Euonymus Scale Unaspis euonymil 1700 – RU Continued 2nd generation treatments
Conifer Cryptomeria scale Aspidiotus cryptomeriae 1750 2130 RU, 4 Crawlers emerge (2nd generation)
Many Obscure scale Melanaspis obscura 1774 – 6 Egg hatch / crawler
Oaks Oak skeletonizer Bucculatrix ainsliella 1798 2155 RU Larvae
Conifer Arborvitae leafminer Argyresthia thuiella 1800 2200 RU Larvae Treatment (3rd generation)
Mimosa, Honeylocust Mimosa webworm Homadaula anisocentra  1800 2100 RU Larvae (2nd generation)
Conifer Cooley spruce gall adelgid Adelges cooleyi 1850 1950 RU Galls open (Spruce)
Turf Hairy chinch bug  Blissus leucopterus 1903 2160 RU Second generation- 50%- 2nd instars
Tulip Tuliptree aphid Illinoia liriodendri 1917 2033 RU Nymphs
Conifer Zimmerman pine moth Dioryctria zimmermani 1917 2154 5 Treatment window (adult flight-1700 GDD)
Mainly Oaks Orangestriped oakworm Anisota senatoria 1917 – 6 Egg hatch – early instars
Conifer White pine aphid Cinara strobi 1991 2271 RU Adults
Rhododendron Azalea whitefly Pealius azaleae 2032 2150 5 Adults/nymphs (3rd generation)
Maple Sugar maple borer Glycobius speciosus 2032 2375 5 Typical treatment window
Conifer Maskell scale lepidosaphes pallia 2035 – 6 Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation)
Mainly Tulip Tulip tree scale Toumeyella liriodendri  2037 2629 RU Crawlers (1st generation)
Mainly Magnolia Magnolia scale Neolecanium cornuparvum 2155 2800 RU Crawlers (1st generation)
Locust Locust borer Magacyllene robiniae 2271 2805 5 Typical treatment window
Poplar and Willow Poplar and willow borer  Crytorhynchus lapathi 2271 2806 5 Typical treatment window
Conifer Spruce spider mite  Oligonychus ununguis 2375 2806 5 Typical treatment window
Note: Growing degree-day values utilize daily average air temperatures with a minimum temperature threshold (a.k.a. ‘base’) of 50F = GDD50 (max. temp. threshold set at 95F). These values are accumulated from a biofix date, such as January or March 1st in the NE USA. Provided GDD50 are scouting ranges and should be truthed. References RU Rutgers Cooperative Extension – Landscape IPM Notes
2 http://ccetompkins.org/resources/using-growing-degree-days-for-insect-management
3 https://extension.psu.edu/ipm-basics-for-christmas-trees#section-2
4 https://www.canr.msu.edu/ipm/agriculture/christmas_trees/gdd_of_conifer_insects
5 https://www.agriculture.nh.gov/publications-forms/documents/landscape-pests.pdf
Daily GDD50 =                                                                                                  (Max + Min temp.) / 2 – 50 (min temp. threshold) 6 https://extension.umd.edu/ipm/pest-predictive-calendar-landscapenursery
7 https://www.canr.msu.edu/ipm/agriculture/christmas_trees/gdd_of_landscape_insects
Unv. Del. Coorespondance with Dr. Kunkel (University of Delaware)-evolving GDD ranges
Compiled 7-6-2021 – Timothy J. Waller, Ph.D. – Rutgers Cooperative Extension, Cumberland County Nursery Crops – twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu  

Redheaded flea beetle considerations:

Adults are mating and laying eggs in southern NJ. Contact material applications are still viable to target adults now (if found scouting) but will also be useful when treating larvae prior to emergence from the soil/growing media in a few weeks time. The use of systemics should also be considered to protect foliage from the next generations adults and again late season to guard from first generation adults in the 2022 spring season.

NOTE: The majority of RHFB I have personally observed have been seen later in the evening, especially if the foliage is wet. I have also isolated an anthracnose pathogen (Colletotrichum sp.) from what appeared to be damaged leaves. Thus a complete fungicide – insecticide program needs to be in place if this is a high value crop for your business.

Boxwood blight considerations: 

Preventative applications should continue in high value plantings. As with the vast majority of foliar diseases, overhead irrigation plays a major role in reducing the staying power and efficacy of fungicides. Overhead irrigation or rain events also play a critical role in pathogen dispersal and ease of entry by these pathogens into plant tissues. Anything you can do to reduce/limit overhead irrigation in virtually all crops will aid in reducing the overall disease pressure that your plants experience.

Boxwood Blight Risk Model (CLICK HERE) – In 30 seconds you can have a better idea of boxwood blight (and other pathogen) activity in your immediate area!

    • (click on the link – input area code – select closest weather station – check 7-14 prediction – click on graph / table) 

Great new resources by Steve Rettke

Mimosa Webworm Activity Begins

Some Key Soft Scale Pests in the Landscape

SURVEY REQUESTS

Please answer a few questions if you would like to be included in a statewide Phytophthora in Conifer Nurseries sampling project 

Please fill out this brief survey if you are experiencing damages due to Redheaded flea beetle (RHFB)

Contact – Timothy J. Waller – twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu for more information

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