Peach:
Oriental Fruit Moth: We are still between 1st and 2nd generations at the present time. Growers that have utilized mating disruption for OFM should continue to focus on PC; GPA; and catfacing insect pests as described below.
Fruit Crops Edition
Seasonal updates on diseases, insects, weeds impacting tree fruit and small fruit (blueberry, cranberry, and wine grape). Fruit Pest Alerts are also available via this category feed.
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May 30, 2021
Sparganothis Fruitworm Degree-Day Update: as of May 30, 2021
Based on our degree-day model for Sparganothis fruitworm, flight initiation is expected at around 596 DD (see chart). As of May 30, Sparganothis has accumulated 607 DD (using March 1 as biofix) or 455 DD (using April 15 as biofix; a more realistic biofix based on the time when winter water was removed from most NJ beds). The later biofix indicates that flight activity will start very soon, i.e., within a week from now. Thus, growers are advised to place pheromone traps for monitoring this pest this coming week.
Degree-day model for Sparganothis fruitworm
May 26, 2021
Recordings of the 2021 Spring Wine Grape Twilight meeting
Please use the below links to listen or watch the recordings from the 2021 Spring Wine Grape Twilight meeting held on May 19th.
Audio Recording link: https://go.rutgers.edu/6kigewvp
Video Recording link: https://go.rutgers.edu/efy1iu7h [Read more…]
May 26, 2021
FSMA Produce Safety Rule Inspections Taking Place on all Covered Farms
Are you a produce farm who has not yet had a FSMA Produce Safety Rule inspection? Have you received communication from the NJ Department of Agriculture about the Produce Safety Rule? Smaller size produce operations are currently being inspected by the NJDA for FSMA PSR compliance. If you have not yet had an inspection you may be subject to one this season. Here is what you need to know:
If you grow and sell over $25,000 in produce annually you may be subject to the FSMA Produce Safety Rule. The NJDA will contact your farm to ask several questions to understand if the rule pertains to you. What crops do you grow? How much in produce sales do you make on an average year? What percentage of your sales are made direct to consumer (farm stand, farmers market, CSA, direct to an individual grocery store, direct to an individual restaurant)? What are your total food sales (including any food for human and/or animal consumption including hay, grain, baked goods, meat, milk, honey, chewing gum, etc.) for an average year? You may have previously answered these questions via a survey that was mailed to you, or over the phone with NJDA staff.
The NJDA is currently scheduling inspections with farms across the state of all sizes. If you receive a phone call or email from the NJDA about a Produce Safety Inspection date, do not ignore the communication. The inspection will take place and warning letters can be sent to farms who are not in compliance with the rule.
Have questions about if your farm is exempt or qualified exempt from the rule? Remember that qualified exempt farms need to prove their exemption status, this can be done by using the qualified exempt review template on page 5 of the recordkeeping guidance from the Produce Safety Alliance.
Farms that need to comply with the rule are required to attend FDA approved training. The next training in NJ will be held online on September 15th and 16th. Other online trainings are available from other states, visit the Produce Safety Alliance website for more details. The approved training covers the Produce Safety Rule requirements and ways of complying with them.
May 26, 2021
Cicadas Are Here and Fruit IPM for 5/26/21
Cicadas are Here, There and Everywhere (Depending where you are): 17 year cicadas began emergence last week. These insects while a marvel in the insect world, are also capable of doing considerable damage to young fruit trees, grape vines, and blueberry bushes. After mating they begin to deposit their eggs in slits along small diameter branches. Thin branches which are loaded with fruit weight and damaged by egg laying can break. Some growers have asked about damage and what they can do to prevent it. Most egg laying is starting this week.
May 25, 2021
Stinger herbicide 24(c) Special Local Need label renewed until 2025 for use on Highbush Blueberries
Mugwort in blueberries is also called wild chrysanthemum due to its scent when the leaves are crushed.
The NJDEP informed us last Friday that the 24(c) Special Local Need label for use of Stinger (clopyralid) herbicide in highbush blueberries has been renewed for the 5 years with an expiration date set on December 31, 2025.
This is a really good news for the New Jersey Blueberry Industry as Stinger is a crucial herbicide for control of troublesome perennial weed species that has consistently showed excellent crop safety when used accordingly to the label recommendations. The new updated 24(c) label can be found on the Agrian database (https://www.agrian.com/labelcenter/results.cfm)
Stinger is a PRE and POST herbicide that is strong on weeds in the composite and legume families, such as thistles, asters, dandelion, goldenrod, ragweed, horseweed, clovers, vetch and wild bean. It also controls nightshades, smartweeds, wild buckwheat and plantain.
The maximum labeled rate of Stinger per application 5.3 fluid ounces per acre (0.125 lb acid equivalent/A), and the maximum rate per year application is 10.6 fluid ounces per acre (0.25 lb acid equivalent/A). However, the rate needed varies depending on the target species:
- 2 fl ounces per acre (0.047 lb acid equivalent/A) will control seedling annual weeds such as common ragweed and annual vetch.
- 3 to 4 fluid ounces per acre (0.070 to 0.094 lb acid equivalent/A) are needed to control perennial clover species, horseweed, and groundsel.
- Most other susceptible perennial weeds require the full rate of 5.3 fluid ounces per acre (0.125 lb acid equivalent/A).
Optimum results controlling deep rooted and hard to control perennial weeds, including Canada thistle, perennial asters, goldenrod species, and mugwort (wild chrysanthemum) will be obtained if the Stinger application is split.
Apply Stinger at the rate of 5.3 fluid ounces per acre after blueberry bloom in early to mid-May when the weed is emerging. Some weeds can “survive” for months on established existing foliage even though Stinger suppresses all new growth. Tank-mix with another postemergence herbicide to increase the spectrum of weeds controlled. Be sure to spray adjacent sod and tilled row middles as well as the weed free strip under the blueberries. The application of Stinger timed to match the emergence of the perennial weed in the spring coincides with the time of year when the carbohydrate food reserves in the plant are at the lowest point. Treatment at this time reduces the weed’s chance of recovery and survival.
Apply another 5.3 fluid ounces per acre of Stinger to the marked rows, or sections of rows immediately after harvest in mid-summer. No growth of the target weed may be observed at the time of the second application. Spray the second application even though no growth of the target weed is evident. The second application is essential for the elimination of the hard to kill established perennial weeds. If the second application is skipped, expect to see the weed re-emerge in late August or September. Time all applications to maintain a 30 day PHI (PreHarvest Interval).
Stinger is both a postemergence foliar absorbed herbicide and a residual herbicide. The initial twisting and curling observed after application to susceptible species is due to the foliar absorbtion. Control of established perennials is due to residual Stinger in the soil which prevents re-growth from the roots. In certain species such as mugwort, Stinger prevents re-growth but does not kill the mature leaves. The plant will survive unless another herbicide such as Gramoxone or glyphosate is used to defoliate the plant.
Deep rooted perennials like goldenrod will require multiple Stinger applications.
Stinger can also be used as a wipe treatments by applying a 2% solution of Stinger in water (2.5 fluid ounces per gallon). Make a maximum of two applications with the total usage of Stinger from all types of applications not to exceed 10.6 fl oz per acre or 2/3 pint (0.25 lb acid equivalent/A) per acre per annual growing season.
Do NOT apply Stinger in a hand held sprayer used to “spray until wet”. Stinger is a residual herbicide that must be applied on a rate per acre basis. When treating “patches” of perennial weeds, apply the recommended rate per acre with a calibrated sprayer. Treat ten to fifteen feet beyond the weed “patch” on all sides. Spray the sod or row middles adjacent to the weed “patch” in the row.
Do NOT apply Stinger within 5 hours of expected rainfall or irrigation.
Do NOT permit Stinger to contact desirable foliage
