Rutgers Cooperative Extension
In this edition:
Please click “read more” below to get updates on pests, diseases, and other important resources for the week of 5/15/2023.
In this edition:
Please click “read more” below to get updates on pests, diseases, and other important resources for the week of 5/15/2023.
Please note: The Rutgers Nursery and Green Industry Working Group is working to deliver regular pest and disease updates throughout the season. These will be in addition to important alerts, critical topics, and pesticide credit opportunities. This tool is made for you, the commercial agriculture business, so please let us know if there are particular topics you would like to see included in the regular update.
Email: twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu Phone: 856-451-2800 Ext. 1.
Insect Pests
| Projected GDD50 accumulation as of 4/25/2023 (these change throughout the season!) | ||||||
| Region | Location | 25-Apr | 1-May | 1-Jun | 1-Jul | 1-Aug |
| Southern | Upper Deerfield (NJ50) | 251 | 281 | 682 | 1370 | 2218 |
| Central | Howell / Freehold (NJ10) | 188 | 207 | 537 | 1160 | 1957 |
| Northern | High Point (NJ59) | 142 | 143 | 371 | 864 | 1507 |
| Forecast: 7-month NMME based seasonal climate forecast (USPEST.ORG) | ||||||
Please download and print the Rutgers Nursery and Landscape Pest Scouting Guide or Conifer and Christmas Tree Pest Scouting Guide and refer to this post “Obtaining your local growing degree-days (GDD)” for additional information. (See pest scouting guides for complete list of references)
Please SHARE what you SEE!! If you see a pest, disease, otherwise interesting or troublesome issue please report it to the Working Group by following the QR Code on the front of the Pest Scouting Guides or by filling out this reporting form.
Please continue reading for much more detailed and important information!
The updated Pest Scouting Guides are here, and have a few improvements that enable YOU to share what YOU are seeing in the field with RCE.
Please click, download, and print these scouting guides for use at your nursery, landscape, or conifer plantation. Once printed you can scan the QR at the top of document to link back to the digital copy. These are much larger documents than 2022, as they are sorted by GDD, NEW-Insect “Group”, and by NEW-“favored host plants”.
Refer to this post “Obtaining your local growing degree-days (GDD)” for additional information (click here) or contact Tim Waller twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu for help.
It is important to note that the GDD ranges do not replace scouting and that many of these GDD ranges have not been validated in New Jersey and would greatly benefit from local feedback. Therefore you will notice a QR code at the bottom of the cover-page. If you scan this code it will take you to a form that asks for details about pest occurrence, host plants, any observations, and after you submit your comments it allows the user to upload photographs. This is also a great place to leave feedback on what you would like to see in future iterations (such as pictures…).
PLEASE REPORT – pest observations that deviate from the stated GDD ranges in the guides
PLEASE SHARE PICTURES OF PESTS – we are working to develop insect ID pocket guides and other resources for our NJ growers…but we need your help
LONT – Comment and Photo upload REPORTING LINK (click here)
Conifer – Comment and Photo upload REPORTING LINK (click here)
If you would like to interact with the raw data yourself or incorporate it more closely into your businesses needs download this data file (click here) (file will download once clicked!). Please note it is a Microsoft Excel file, that is protected / cannot be modified on all but the two sheets labeled “GDD ACCU”. If you would like help with this or a non-protected file please contact twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu.
Regular updates will be utilizing this resource throughout the 2023 season. Have a great Spring Season everyone.
Over the coming season we will be adding timely posts about pests, diseases, pesticides, and related agriculture updates that may need to be acted upon urgently. Additionally, we will be adding detailed information about particular issues to facilitate a better understanding moving forward. Please reach out to Tim Waller, Bill Errickson, or your local county agent if there are topics you would like to see covered through this system.
We have been working to develop pest scouting guides that utilize growing degree-days to help you better schedule and implement your IPM, scouting, and spray schedules.
If you are unfamiliar with growing degree-days (aka GDD or GDD50) Refer to this post “Obtaining your local growing degree-days” for additional information (click here!)
Thank you all very much for your continued support of Rutgers Cooperative Extension
Pest Scouting – Please refer to these documents for a full listing of insects pests for your area corresponding to growing degree-days (GDDs).
Quick look guides for July (Borers and Scales) and (All other)
Contact if seeing insects at different times: twaller@njaes.rutgers.edu (or call the Cumberland County Extension Office – 856-451-2800)
The following key groups of pests will be active, vulnerable, or otherwise treatable during the next month throughout most of NJ. Here, scale insects and borers with key life stage events during the 1000-2500 GDD timeframe are discussed. Note there are many other insect pests present this time of year so please view the pest scouting guides above for your particular needs.
| Projected GDD50 Accumulation as of July 13 2022 | Note: Growing degree-day values utilize daily average air temperatures with a minimum temperature threshold (a.k.a. ‘base’) of 50F = GDD50 (max. temp. threshold set at 95F). These values are accumulated from a biofix date, such as January or March 1st in the NE USA. Provided GDD50 are scouting ranges and should be truthed. | |||||
| Region | Location | Station | 13-Jul | 1-Aug | 1-Sep | |
| South | Upper Deerfield | NJ50 | 1598 | 2115 | 2905 | |
| Central | Howell / Freehold | NJ10 | 1383 | 1871 | 2594 | |
| North | High Point | NJ59 | 1132 | 1541 | 2138 | |
| Forecast: NOAA NCEP Coupled Forecast System model version 2 (CFSv2) forecast system (3.5 months) (USPEST.ORG) | ||||||
Refer to this post “Obtaining your local growing degree-days” for additional information
| BORER Insect Activity for 1000-2500 GDD (~ July) | ||||||
| Crop type | Common Name | Scientific Name | GDD Min (50F) | GDD Max (95F) | Reference | Developmental / Target Stage |
| Many | Roundheaded appletree borer | Saperda candida | 802 | 1129 | RU | Adults |
| Ash | Emerald ash borer | Agrilus planipennis | 1000 | 1200 | 4 | Peak adult activity |
| Many | Roundheaded apple tree borer | Saperda candida | 1514 | 1798 | 5 | Typical treatment window |
| Conifer | Nantucket tip moth | Rhyacionia frustrana | 1514 | 1917 | RU | Adults 2nd generation |
| Maple | Sugar maple borer | Glycobius speciosus | 2032 | 2375 | 5 | Typical treatment window |
| Locust | Locust borer | Magacyllene robiniae | 2271 | 2805 | 5 | Typical treatment window |
| Poplar and Willow | Poplar and willow borer | Crytorhynchus lapathi | 2271 | 2806 | 5 | Typical treatment window |
Click here – “Identifying Clearwing Moth Borers in Pheromone Traps” or “Differentiating the Common Wood Borers of Ash Trees”
| SCALE Insect Activity for 1000 – 2500 GDD (~ July) | ||||||
| Crop type | Common Name | Scientific Name | GDD Min (50F) | GDD Max (95F) | Reference | Developmental / Target Stage |
| Conifer | Cryptomeria scale | Aspidiotus cryptomeriae | 600 | 800 | 3 | First crawler emergence |
| Many | White prunicola scale | Psedaulacaspis prunicola | 707 | 1151 | RU | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Conifer | Juniper scale | Carulaspis juniperi | 707 | 1260 | RU | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Many | Calico scale | Eulecanium cerasorum | 714 | – | 6 | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Conifer | Striped pine scale | Toumeyella pini | 750 | 800 | 4 | Egg hatch |
| Oak, hickory, birch, many | Oak leacanium scale | Parthenolecanium quercifex | 789 | – | 6 | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Acer | Cottony maple leaf scale | Pulvinaria acericola | 802 | 1265 | 5 | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Many, shadetrees | Cottony maple scale | Pulvinaria innumerabilis | 802 | 1265 | RU | Crawlers (1st generation) – control target |
| Oaks | Golden oak scale | Asterolecanium variolosum | 802 | 1266 | 5 | Egg hatch |
| Maples | Japanese maple scale | Lopholeucaspis japonica | 829 | – | 6 | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Elm | European elm scale | Gossyparia spuria | 831 | 1388 | 6,2 | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Shade trees | European fruit lecanium scale | Parthenolecanium corni | 932 | 1645 | 6,RU | Crawlers – control target |
| Conifer | Pine tortoise scale | Toumeyella parvicornis | 1000 | 1200 | 4 | Egg hatch ends, last of crawlers |
| Yew, many conifers | Fletcher Scale (Yew) | Parthenolecanium fletcheri | 1029 | 1388 | RU | Crawlers (1st generation) – control target |
| Many | Indian wax scale | Ceroplastes ceriferus | 1145 | – | 6 | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Euonymus | Euonymus Scale | Unaspis euonymil | 1150 | 1388 | 5 | 2nd generation targeted treatments |
| Shade trees | European fruit lecanium scale | Parthenolecanium corni | 1266 | 1645 | 5 | Crawlers |
| Conifer | Pine Needle Scale | Chionaspis pinifoliae | 1290 | 1917 | 3 | Crawlers emerge (2nd generation) – control target |
| Conifer | Hemlock scale | Abgrallaspis ithacae | 1388 | 2154 | 5 | Typical treatment window |
| Malus, Prunus, many | Peachtree borer | Synanthedon sp. | 1500 | 1800 | RU | Larvae Treatment |
| Many | White prunicola scale | Pseudaulacaspis prunicola | 1637 | – | 6 | Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation) |
| Euonymus | Euonymus Scale | Unaspis euonymil | 1700 | – | RU | Continued 2nd generation treatments |
| Conifer | Cryptomeria scale | Aspidiotus cryptomeriae | 1750 | 2130 | RU, 4 | Crawlers emerge (2nd generation) |
| Many | Obscure scale | Melanaspis obscura | 1774 | – | 6 | Egg hatch / crawler |
| Conifer | Maskell scale | lepidosaphes pallia | 2035 | – | 6 | Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation) |
| Mainly Tulip | Tulip tree scale | Toumeyella liriodendri | 2037 | 2629 | RU | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Mainly Magnolia | Magnolia scale | Neolecanium cornuparvum | 2155 | 2800 | RU | Crawlers (1st generation) |
| Maple | Japanese maple scale | Lopholeucaspis japonica | 2508 | – | 6 | Egg hatch / crawler (2nd generation) |
| Conifer | Elongate hemlock scale | Fiorinia externa | 2515 | 2625 | RU | Typical treatment window – fall activity |
| Yew, many conifers | Fletcher Scale (Yew) | Parthenolecanium fletcheri | 2515 | 2800 | RU | Fall control of overwintering stage |
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