Peach:

Bacterial Spot: Bacterial spot fruit symptoms are increasing statewide. The first infections occurred during the mothers day storm. So far levels of fruit infection are very low however we still have not yet seen the development of symptoms from recent rain events. Leaf symptoms appear after 1 week and fruit symptoms take 3 weeks to appear. Growers should continue to manage aggressively to suppress infections. Fruit will become less susceptible to infection at pit hardening which is occurring now.

Oriental Fruit Moth: A biofix point for OFM was set on 4/11 in southern counties, and on 4/14 in northern counties. The second generation timings are updated below.

Plum Curculio; Tarnished Plant Bugs; and Other Catfacing Insects: Plum Curculio start to move into orchards at about 88-100 degree days base 50 after January 1. Applications for PC should be initiated once all petals are off, with a second application made with ovicidal materials at 379-402 DD. Growers can monitor degree day development at their site by finding the nearest weather station and using the degree day development tool at NEWA. PC activity should be over or decreasing except in high pressure orchards. Catfacing insect activity is increasing with the arrival of hot weather and is present at moderate to high levels in some orchards.

Lesser Peach Tree Borer and Peach Tree Borer: Lesser Borer adults are flying in all growing regions. Greater Peach tree borers are now flying in southern counties.

Apples and Pears:

Diseases: Fire blight and Scab are present at low levels in a few orchards. Fire Blight should be cut out using the ugly stub method. Summer scab, rots and sooty blotch and fly speck are the main targets at this stage. Where scab is present rely primarily on protectant fungicides. Last year Captan plus a phosphorous acid like Prophyt was observed to slow scab development as well as provide good summer disease control.

Codling Moth (CM): The first codling moth flight is over. If trap captures are above 5 moths/trap continue using effective materials. A biofix was set for CM on April 25^th in southern counties, and May 6 in Northern counties (Middlesex County).

Grapes:

Diseases: Grape diseases active at this growth stage are phomopsis, powdery mildew, downy mildew, ripe rot, and black rot.

Phomopsis on grape leaves and cane. (Photo – D. Schmitt)

Black rot leaf lesion on grape (Photo – D. Schmitt)

Phomopsis and downy mildew symptoms are present in southern counties. Black rot symptoms have not yet been observed but should appear any time now. Disease infection periods can be monitored using the NEWA models. Choose the weather station closest to your vineyard.

Insects: Leafhoppers have been seen in a few spots. This complex is generally not of concern. Potato leafhoppers, which arrive sometime in June, can cause some minor damage. Spotted Lantern Fly nymphs are present in high numbers on many vineyards. These nymphs do little damage and generally don’t need special treatments when present. Even so, vineyards should be monitored for SLF presence and if they are found use an insecticide effective for SLF when treating for Grape Berry Moth.

Downy Mildew on grape Leaves. (Photo – D. Schmitt)

Grape Berry Moth (GBM): The biofix in southern counties for GBM was  5/25. Model timing will predict IGR and diamide materials for the second generation. The first generation is not really important in cultivated grapes. Timing for the second generation treatments using Diamides or Intrepid is set at 810 degree days base 47⁰F. Other materials may be applied a few days later. Given the current weather patterns, this should be about the late June/early July in southern counties.

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Southern Counties

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Northern Counties

Peach:

Bacterial Spot: Bacterial spot fruit symptoms are increasing statewide. The first infections occurred during the mothers day storm. So far levels of fruit infection are very low however we still have not yet seen the development of symptoms from recent rain events. Leaf symptoms appear after 1 week and fruit symptoms take 3 weeks to appear. Growers should continue to manage aggressively to suppress infections. Fruit will become less susceptible to infection at pit hardening which is occurring now.

Oriental Fruit Moth: A biofix point for OFM was set on 4/11 in southern counties, and on 4/14 in northern counties. The second generation timings are updated below.

Plum Curculio; Tarnished Plant Bugs; and Other Catfacing Insects: Plum Curculio start to move into orchards at about 88-100 degree days base 50 after January 1. Applications for PC should be initiated once all petals are off, with a second application made with ovicidal materials at 379-402 DD. Growers can monitor degree day development at their site by finding the nearest weather station and using the degree day development tool at NEWA. PC activity should be past peak and decreasing except in high pressure orchards. Catfacing insect activity is increasing with the arrival of hot weather and are present at moderate to high levels in some orchards.

Lesser Peach Tree Borer and Peach Tree Borer: Lesser Borer adults are flying in all growing regions. Greater Peach tree borers are now flying in southern counties.

Apples and Pears:

Diseases: Fire blight and Scab are present at low levels in a few orchards. Fire Blight should be cut out using the ugly stub method. Summer scab, rots and sooty blotch and fly speck are the main targets at this stage. Where scab is present rely primarily on protectant fungicides. Last year Captan plus a phosphite like Prophyt was observed to slow scab development as well as provide good summer disease control.

Codling Moth (CM): The first codling moth flight has started. A biofix was set for CM on April 25^th in southern counties, and May 6 in Northern counties (Middlesex County). No biofix has yet been set for northern counties. Timings are updated below.

Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): A biofix was set statewide on May 6. The first alternate middle applications for TABM will be on or about June 1 in all counties. This has been considered a minor pest in recent years. With the exception of Assail and and granulosis virus formulations (e.g. Madex), most materials used for Codling Moth will control TABM.

Grapes:

Diseases: Grape diseases active at this growth stage are phomopsis, powdery mildew, downy mildew, and black rot.

Phomopsis on grape leaves and cane. (Photo – D. Schmitt)

Black rot leaf lesion on grape (Photo – D. Schmitt)

Phomopsis symptoms are present in southern counties. Black rot symtpoms have not yet been observed but should appear any time now. Disease infection periods can be monitored using the NEWA models. Choose the weather station closest to your vineyard.

Insects: Leafhoppers have been seen in a few spots. This complex is generally not of concern. Potato leafhoppers, which arrive sometime in June, can cause some minor damage. Spotted Lantern Fly nymphs are present in high numbers on many vineyards. These nymphs do little damage and generally don’t need special treatments when present. Even so, vineyards should be monitored for SLF presence and if they are found use an insecticide effective for SLF when treating for Grape Berry Moth in late June.

Grape Berry Moth (GBM): The biofix in southern counties for GBM was  5/25. Model timing will predict IGR and diamide materials for the second generation. The first generation is not really important in cultivated grapes, but is starting now in wild grapes, with some adults starting to come into vineyards. Timing for the second generation treatments using Diamides or Intrepid is set at 810 degree days base 47⁰F. Other materials may be applied a few days later. Given the current weather patterns, this should be about the last week of June in southern counties.

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Southern Counties

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Northern Counties

Peach:

Bacterial Spot: Bacterial spot fruit symptoms started to appear last week statewide. These infections occurred during the mothers day storm. So far levels of fruit infection are very low however we have not yet seen the development of symptoms from recent rain events. Leaf symptoms appear after 1 week and fruit symptoms take 3 weeks to appear. Growers should continue to manage aggressively to suppress infection events. Fruit will become less susceptible to infection at pit hardening which should occur around the middle of June.

Oriental Fruit Moth: A biofix point for OFM was set on 4/11 in southern counties, and on 4/14 in northern counties. The first generation timings are updated below.

Plum Curculio; Tarnished Plant Bugs; and Other Catfacing Insects: Plum Curculio start to move into orchards at about 88-100 degree days base 50 after January 1. Applications for PC should be initiated once all petals are off, with a second application made with ovicidal materials at 379-402 DD. Growers can monitor degree day development at their site by finding the nearest weather station and using the degree day development tool at NEWA. PC activity should be past peak and decreasing excpet in high pressure orchards. Catfacing insect activity is increasing with the arrival of hot weather and are present at moderate to high levels in some orchards.

Scale Insects: White peach scale (WPS) crawlersshould be past peak emergence in southern counties. San Jose scale (SJS) crawlers began emergence last week and will continue until the first week of July. If you have scale infestations on your trees, it is important to note if crawlers are present, even if you treated with oil in the early spring. If crawlers are present then treatment options include Esteem, Movento, Centaur, Venerate, and Diazinon. Esteem, Centaur, Venerate and Movento should be applied at the beginning of crawler emergence. Movento requires a penetrant as per the label. Venerate should be be applied at the low rate of 1 qt/A and may need more than one application. Diazinon is labeled for only one post bloom or foliar application on stone fruit (Rec = max. of 2 lb/acre of the 50W). The apple label allows up to 2 foliar applications per year as long as a prebloom application was not made. Foliar applications may cause russet on apples, but has worked in the field for scale crawlers as long as applications are made 1-2 weeks after the start of crawler emergence and again 2 weeks later. Belay and Assail are also effective against scale crawlers but may need more than one application during the emergence which typically lasts about 4 weeks for WPS and 6 weeks for SJS.

Lesser Peach Tree Borer and Peach Tree Borer: Lesser Borer adults are flying in all growing regions. Greater Peach tree borers are not being caught in traps yet. If you haven’t placed mating disruption dispensers yet there is still time to get them out before the greater peach tree borer flight which usually begins in June.

Apples and Pears:

Diseases: Fire blight and Scab are present at low levels in a few orchards. Fire Blight should be cut out using the ugly stub method. Summer scab, rots and sooty blotch and fly speck are the main targets at this stage. Where scab is present rely primarily on protectant fungicides. Last year Captan plus a phosphite like Prophyt was observed to slow scab development as well as provide good summer disease control.

Codling Moth (CM): The first codling moth flight has started. A biofix was set for CM on April 25^th in southern counties, and May 6 in Northern counties (Middlesex County). No biofix has yet been set for northern counties. Timings are updated below.

Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): A biofix was set statewide on May 6. The first alternate middle applications for TABM will be on or about June 1 in all counties. This has been considered a minor pest in recent years. With the exception of Assail and and granulosis virus formulations (e.g. Madex), most materials used for Codling Moth will control TABM.

Grapes: Bloom is the critical time to protect against cluster infections from Downy and Powdery Mildew; Black rot; Botrytis; and ripe rot. Dr. Nita at Virginia Tech has a comprehensive summary of fungicide choices for bloom. Growers should also monitor wild grape bloom near thier vineyard and record the date the first wild grape bloom occurs. This is important for grape berry moth management using the NEWA Grape Berry Moth tool. Wild grape trace bloom was observed on May 25 in Gloucester County.

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Southern Counties

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Northern Counties

Peach:

Oriental Fruit Moth: A biofix point for OFM was set on 4/11 in southern counties, and on 4/14 in northern counties. The first generation timings are updated below.

Plum Curculio; Tarnished Plant Bugs; and Other Catfacing Insects: Plum Curculio start to move into orchards at about 88-100 degree days base 50 after January 1. Applications for PC should be initiated once all petals are off, with a second application made with ovicidal materials at 379-402 DD. Growers can monitor degree day development at their site by finding the nearest weather station and using the degree day development tool at NEWA. PC activity should be peaking this week and next. Catfacing insects are present at low levels in most orchards.

Scale Insects: White peach scale (WPS) crawlers are nearing peak emergence in southern counties. San Jose scale (SJS) crawlers usually begin emergence about a week or ten days later, usually late May/Early June. No SJS crawlers have been observed yet, but should begin anytime now. If you have scale infestations on your trees, it is important to note if crawlers are present, even if you treated with oil in the early spring. If crawlers are present then treatment options include Esteem, Movento, Centaur, Venerate, and Diazinon. Esteem, Centaur, Venerate and Movento should be applied at the beginning of crawler emergence. Movento requires a penetrant as per the label. Venerate should be be applied at the low rate of 1 qt/A and may need more than one application. Diazinon is labeled for only one post bloom or foliar application on stone fruit (Rec = max. of 2 lb/acre of the 50W). The apple label allows up to 2 foliar applications per year as long as a prebloom application was not made. Foliar applications may cause russet on apples, but has worked in the field for scale crawlers as long as applications are made 1-2 weeks after the start of crawler emergence and again 2 weeks later. Belay and Assail are also effective against scale crawlers but may need more than one application during the emergence which typically lasts about 4 weeks for WPS and 6 weeks for SJS.

Lesser Peach Tree Borer and Peach Tree Borer: Lesser Borer adults began flying this week in in all growing regions. If you haven’t placed mating disruption dispensers yet there is still time to get them out before the greater peach tree borer flight which usually begins in June.

Apples and Pears:

Diseases: Fire Blight, Apple Scab, Rust diseases, and Powdery Mildew are the main targets at this stage. The NEWA apple scab model is estimating about Primary Scab is over in southern NJ with 100% of cumulative ascospores discharged. Northern counties will have less ascospore maturity. Growers can estimate primary scab development using the NEWA scab tool, and estimate fire blight infection potential using the Fire Blight tool. Remember to enter your green tip and first blossom date! Primary apple scab spores are released during any substantial infection period. More information can be found in this blogpost from Penn State.

Codling Moth (CM): The first codling moth flight has started. A biofix was set for CM on April 25^th in southern counties, and May 6 in Northern counties (Middlesex County). No biofix has yet been set for northern counties.

Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): A biofix was set statewide on May 6. The first alternate middle applications for TABM will be on or about June 1 in all counties. This has been considered a minor pest in recent years. With the exception of Assail and and granulosis virus formulations (e.g. Madex), most materials used for Codling Moth will control TABM.

Rosy Apple Aphid:  If a pre-bloom application was not made, monitor for colonies during bloom and use a treatment threshold of 1 colony/tree at petal fall. Some orchards have colonies that require treatment in southern counties.

Fire Blight: Shoot blight strikes were observed in several southern county orchards this week. Strikes should be removed during dry weather using the ugly stub method.

Grapes: Bloom is the critical time to protect against cluster infections from Downy and Powdery Mildew; Black rot; Botrytis; and ripe rot. Dr. Nita at Virginia Tech has a comprehensive summary of fungicide choices for bloom. Growers should also monitor wild grape bloom near thier vineyard and record the date the first wild grape bloom occurs. This is important for grape berry moth management using the NEWA Grape Berry Moth tool.

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Southern Counties

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Northern Counties