Rutgers Cooperative Extension
Seasonal updates on diseases, insects, weeds impacting small fruit (blueberry, cranberry, and wine grape). Fruit Pest Alerts are also available via this category feed.
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Peach:
Oriental Fruit Moth (OFM): Third flight adults are present in southern counties and starting to emerge in northern counties. The timing for 3rd generation treatments is now statewide. Treatments should be finishing up in southern counties and just starting in northern counties.
NEW PEST ALERT
Spotted lanternfly in grape – photo credit E. Smyers
Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma deliculata, SLF) has been found in NJ. SLF is an invasive plant hopper species that could be very devastating to some NJ crops. Since its discovery in Pennsylvania in 2014, SLF has been placed under a state quarantine encompassing 13 Pennsylvania counties. Populations are also present in Virginia.
SLF adults and nymphs are phloem feeders that feed in large aggregations on woody tissue. Over 65 host plants were reported in Asia, many of which grow in the mid-Atlantic area. These host plants include hardwood trees such as Tree of Heaven, black walnut, and red maple and agricultural crops such as grape, apple, and hops. Feeding occurs on the trunk and limbs of plants, not on the fruit or leaf tissues. However, because they feed in aggregations and produce large amounts of honey dew (or sugar water), sooty mold can grow on plant surface and fruit, leading to reduced photosynthesis and plant vigor. In Pennsylvania, adults and nymphs have been observed feeding in commercial vineyards on cultivated grape. Economic estimates of injury are not available but growers report direct yield losses due to sooty mold and reductions in plant health and canopy coverage. Insecticides are effective but due to the high mobility of this pest, in highly infested areas, vines should be monitored closely for new bugs. Populations and injury are higher along vineyard edges, especially near Tree of Heaven. Interestingly, SLF tends to aggregate on a few trees or vines. Survey for SLF along the perimeters of fields and on Tree of Heaven, Black Walnut, Red Maple, and wild grapevines at the edges of wood lines. Aggregations of adults were found on commercial apple trees in PA near apples harvest in 2017, so apple growers need to be diligent as well.
The adults are large (~1” long) and quite colorful with a black head, grayish black spotted forewings and reddish black spotted hind wings. Adults may start to appear mid-late July (now) and will feed through the first hard freeze in the fall. Young nymphs hatch from eggs in late Spring/early summer and are black with white spots and as they get older they become red and black with white spots. While 4th instars have been reported in NJ, adults are present in VA, so be on the lookout for all life stages.
Spotted lanternfly on Tree of Heaven – photo by A.L. Nielsen
If you think you seen or collected a spotted lanternfly please report it the New Jersey Department of Agriculture and the Department of Entomology at the Rutgers University School of Environmental and Biological Sciences by emailing slanternfly@njaes.rutgers.edu
Peach:
Oriental Fruit Moth (OFM): Third flight adults are present in southern counties and just starting to emerge in northern counties. Egg laying has started in southern counties and the first treatments are due now. Please see table below for timing:
Peach:
Oriental Fruit Moth (OFM): Second generation adults are flying in southern and northern counties. Degree day spray timing predictions are updated since last week and are shown below. The second brood often causes the most damage on peaches, since larvae can enter both growing tips and young fruit. Particular attention should be paid to non-bearing orchards that may not be receiving regular insecticide applications. OFM can build up in non-bearing blocks and create pressure for production blocks. The timing for second brood OFM applications is NOW in southern counties where mating disruption is not being used. Growers in northern counties should plan of targeting OFM by the middle of next week.
Special Spotted Wing Drosophila Alert: SWD on All Small Fruit and Cherries: ANY GROWER with caneberries, strawberries, blueberries, other smooth thin skinned small fruit, and cherries, should be on an SWD program. Adults are laying eggs and internal larvae have already been seen in non-treated plantings and reported by growers in northern counties.
Peach:
Oriental Fruit Moth (OFM): Second generation adults are flying in southern counties, and are just starting to fly in northern counties. [Read more…]
