Cash rental rates released by NASS

The Cash Rents Survey estimates have been published by the National Agriculture Statistical Survey Office. Survey responders reported an average cropland rental rate of $76/acre across the state ranging from $46 an acre on average for pasture; $66/acre on average for non-irrigated cropland; and $128/acre on average for irrigated cropland. The link to the data is:

https://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Cash_Rents_by_County/

State average cash rentals by year: Url shortener: 2021 Cash Rents by State NASS Data

County level by year cash rental rates: Url shortener: Past Year’s Cash Rents NJ NASS

 

 

USDA Surveying Producers Small Grain Production

USDA to Measure Small Grain Production

“HARRISBURG, PA – During the first two weeks of September, a sample of small grains growers around the country will receive Agricultural Survey questionnaires from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). The agency is taking a comprehensive look into the 2021 production and supply of small grains, including wheat, oats, barley, and rye. ” – August 13, 2021 News Release

To read the full announcement go to: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/New_Jersey/Publications/Current_News_Release/2021/2021_Sept_Ag_Area_Survey_News_Release.pdf

Free Official Scrapies Eartag Options for Sheep and Goat Producers

Have goats or sheep? Read the update from the USDA regarding how to receive your free metal ear tag.

“The United States Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), National Scrapie Eradication Program, is providing up to 100 plastic flock ID tags free-of-charge, to first time participants in the sheep and goat identification program through fiscal year (FY) 2021 or until the available funds are expended. Producers will need to purchase the compatible applicator from the tag manufacturer. APHIS is working with sheep and goat organizations to develop a plan for transitioning toward electronic identification to improve our nation’s ability to quickly trace exposed and diseased animals in the event of an outbreak.

APHIS discontinued the availability of no-cost metal tags for producers on 8/31/19. Dealers and markets may continue to receive metal serial tags at no cost through FY 2021 or until the available funds are expended. Flock ID tag numbers are the producer’s flock ID assigned by APHIS or the State followed by an individual animal number. Metal serial tag numbers have the state postal abbreviation, 2 letters followed by 4 numbers. Plastic serial tags have the state postal abbreviation, a letter and a number in either order, followed by 4 numbers. ”

For the full announcement go to:  USDA APHIS Sheep and Goat Information url shortener at https://go.rutgers.edu/cmo1d1hh

 

 

Aflatoxin test drought stressed corn before feeding

As anticipated, the weather conditions during corn silking when high heat coupled with little precipitation has yielded a corn grain crop in many parts of the state with visible signs of lighter test weights on the cob and signs of mold proliferation.

Field dry, low test weight kernals are very likely to crack before or during harvest. This is when molds that produce aflatoxins can form in as little as twenty-four hours. And previously uninfected, or undetectable levels can develop in previously uninfected kernals if the molds that cause the toxin are present in the environment (field,combine, storage).

Aflatoxins levels in feed and corn intended for human consumption are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. All animals can be sickened by high levels of aflatoxins. The tolerance ranges established by the FDA range from 20 ppb to 300 ppb (parts per billion) depending on the age, weight and type of poultry, swine, and cattle. Pet food’s made from corn fed to dogs and cats have a tolerance range of 20 ppb. For detailed information see the March 2019 revision of the FDA compliance policy guide on Action Levels for Aflatoxins in Animal Food https://www.fda.gov/media/121202/download

There are four main types of aflatoxins: B1, B2, G1, and G2. Aflatoxin B1 is the major toxin produced, and is regulated in the United States at 20 ppb in agricultural products that may be used in human food.

Laboratories will test for the different types of aflotoxins and also conduct a comprehensive screen for all mycotoxins in the feed sample. Prices generally begin at $25.00 for an individual aflatoxin test to $100.00 for a comprehensive screen.

Sample each field by variety separately. Focus on the areas with visible signs of light test weight kernals (pre-mature husk death, unfilled ear tips, visible molds on kernals, cracked kernals). For comparision, find a healthy normal section of corn and test.

Waypoint Analytical Feed and Forage Form. Write ‘Aflatoxin test’ on the form; or write ‘Complete Mycotoxin Screen’ on the form. Indiviual samples for Aflatoxin are currently $24.50. Individual tests for complete screen for mycotoxins are currently $85.00. https://www.waypointanalytical.com/Docs/samplesubmittalforms/WaypointFeedandForageInfosheet-Pennsylvania.pdf

Rutgers Plant Diagnostic Laboratory. Call the lab for test availability and pricing. https://njaes.rutgers.edu/plant-diagnostic-lab/contact.php

Dairy One (Mycotoxin Panel $99: Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2, Vomitoxin, Zearalenone, T2, 3-acetyl DON, 15-acetyl DON) https://dairyone.com/services/forage-laboratory-services/submitting-a-sample/

Grasshopper damage increasing in soybeans and corn

Differential grasshopper populations are heavily feeding on corn, soybeans and unharvested grass fields and waterways in Salem County. Damage is being observed above economic threshold in mutiple fields across the county where the broods are congregating. Reports from producers indicate the brood population was not this bad in 2020 and may be an indication this is but the first year of a two-year peaking cycle. A similar explosion was reported in August of 2008 http://bugoftheweek.com/blog/2012/12/21/grasshoppers-hit-the-beach-differential-grasshopper-melanoplus-differentialis

Producers should document where grasshoppers are mating and laying eggs in anticipation of a high hatch event occurring again in 2022.

droughty corn

Droughty corn with extensive grasshopper feeding

In drought stressed silking corn, grasshopper feeding has damaged ear stalks where they attach to the main stalk and in some instances terminated further development. If these fields are harvested as silage they should be tested for nitrate levels due to the likelyhood the crop did not have time to utilize the nitrogen to grain fill.

Drought stressed fields harvested for feed grain should be tested for mycotoxins.

Differential grasshoppers along with two-striped and lesser migratory species lay eggs throughout the summer season.

Egg laying may extend into November if conditions are favorable.

Each female grasshopper can lay as many as 400 eggs.

 

 

 

Differential Grasshopper

Swarming grasshoppers on a farm bench near defoliated soybeans

Defoliated soybean leaf

 

Grasshopper nymphs have been feeding on crops in Salem County since late May. Their are now two populations feeding in crops. An adult breeding population and a new set of instar nymphs.

 

 

 

“Treatment of soybean may be necessary at 40% or more defoliation before soybean flowering, 15% from flowering to pod fill, and 25% from pod fill to harvest. Treatment of field margins for grasshoppers may be advisable if an average of 15 nymphs or 8 adults per square yard (90 cm square) are observed. For pod feeding, treatment may be necessary when approximately 10% of the pods are being damaged and grasshoppers are still present” – https://extension.entm.purdue.edu/fieldcropsipm/insects/soybean-grasshopper.php

Tillage after egg-laying occurs and before the spring hatch destroys grasshopper eggs.

Mowing and harvesting of crops during the non-flight stage destroys grasshopper nymphs.

Contact and systemic insecticides kill grasshoppers in the crop.

Wet and cool weather can introduce naturally occurring fungal pathogens that reduce populations.

Heat stress alert

According to Steve Sosna, Philadelphia Ten News, feel like temperatures the rest of this week throughout much of South and Central NJ will surpass the stressful week in June with temperatures well into the mid 100’s. Many News stations are alerting viewers to the cumulative effect of this heat wave on pets, livestock and people.

Pastured chicken, sheep, swine, goats and guardian dogs are at high risk to experience heat stress this week and night time temperatures will provide little relief.

Heat stress check for above livestock: Shade, constant supply of cool water (ice chunks) and fans to provide air circulation. Where feasible, temporarily bring animals into pole barns, cellars or concrete walled structures to reduce sun exposure during the hottest time of the day. Remember that pigs can suffer from to much sun exposure leading to extreme sunburn or heat stroke.

Additional steps:

Weather source: https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/weather/stories-weather/brutal-dangerous-heat-wave-will-make-it-feel-like-105-degrees-this-week/2920402/?_osource=SocialFlowFB_PHBrand&fbclid=IwAR3oQYR5eLFzr5kblQujciKOAKr1oG7NDDgTWdw_xAuFhXb6iXNQSYDs7ug