February 21, 2024

Update on Xtend-specific dicamba products registration

On February 6, 2024, the U.S. District Court of Arizona vacated the registrations of three dicamba products (Engenia 5L, Xtendimax 2.9L and Tavium 3.39CS) labeled for over-the-top use in Xtend and XtendFlex soybean systems. After several days of uncertainty, we now have guidance from the EPA about use of these products in the 2024 growing season. Based on the Court’s decision, the EPA considers these products to be no longer registered but allows for use of existing stocks under limited conditions:

  • Use of products: The EPA’s “existing stocks order” allows private and commercial applicators to use existing stocks that were acquired by May 31, 2024. Applications of these products are permitted until June 30, 2024, in Xtend brand soybean fields.
  • Distribution and sale: The EPA order limits further distribution and sales of these products to only existing stocks that were in possession of dealers prior to February 6, 2024, to facilitate use of the product by the June 30 deadline. In other words, the major manufacturers/registrants of these products are not allowed to sell them anymore, but any dealers with an existing inventory may sell these products until May 31, 2024, and applicators may spray them, according to their label, until June 30, 2024.
  • Dicamba training: To use any of these Xtend-specific dicamba products, special dicamba training must be done annually to purchase and apply them. Training is reciprocal across brands, meaning an applicator only needs to take one dicamba-specific training each year; no matter what product is used, and which organization does the training. For more information about online dicamba training options and other specifics see:

Keep in mind, other dicamba-containing products such as Clarity, Diflexx, Status, and the many generics cannot be legally sprayed over-the-top of Xtend brand soybeans. However, the use of glyphosate and glufosinate (Liberty, etc.) products can still be used depending on the variety.

Enlist E3 soybean varieties have not been affected by this lawsuit and thus registered 2,4-D choline products (Enlist One and Duo) can be used in that system. These and other 2,4-D products cannot be applied over-the-top in Xtend/XtendFlex soybean systems, otherwise major crop damage will occur.

We will continue to provide updates if more details emerge. The EPA order and summary can be found here: Existing Stocks Order for Dicamba Products Previously Registered for Over-the-Top Use on Dicamba-Tolerant Cotton and Soybean (PDF).

Filed Under: Commercial Ag Updates, Field, Forage & Livestock Tagged With: , , ,
March 5, 2021

Webinar for Annual Dicamba Applicator Training

BASF will host several Live Virtual Webinars for annual dicamba applicator training.  his training is required for Engenia herbicide and other dicamba products approved for over-the-top (OTT) applications on dicamba-tolerant soybean and cotton. Dicamba training is also offered through an online module.

These webinars are designed to learn about new application requirements and label enhancements for the 2021 season. Applicator training and certification can be obtained in multiple formats based on your schedule and needs. Due to COVID-19, dicamba applicator training will be primarily available through online offerings such as a self-paced training module and live virtual webinars.

Please visit http://www.engeniastewardship.com/ for training options.

Please also review PPA previous post on The 10 Best Management Practices to Avoid Herbicide Drift!

Live Virtual Webinars: 

There are a total of 6 remaining events that are scheduled to occur every Tuesday @ 10 am eastern with the next one scheduled for March 9, 2021. Attendance is limited to the first 250 attendees per event so register early for the event that best fits your schedule. Live Virtual Webinars are scheduled for:

  • March 9, 2021 @ 10 am eastern
  • March 23, 2021 @ 10 am eastern
  • March 23, 2021 @ 8pm eastern
  • March 25, 2021 @ 10am eastern
  • March 30, 2021 @ 10am eastern

Online Module: 

This option will take approximately 1 hour to complete and contains a quiz at the end of the module. Once the module is completed a certificate is displayed that should be kept for your records. You will have the option to print and/or save your dicamba certificate. It is recommended that you complete this training on a web browser through a computer with a reliable internet connection.

As a reminder only certified applicators may apply Engenia herbicide or other OTT dicamba herbicides.

Filed Under: Commercial Ag Updates, Field, Forage & Livestock, Uncategorized, Vegetable Crops Tagged With: , , ,
October 28, 2020

EPA Announces 2020 Dicamba Registration Decision

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Today, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Andrew Wheeler announced that EPA is approving new five-year registrations for two dicamba products and extending the registration of an additional dicamba product. All three registrations include new control measures to ensure these products can be used effectively while protecting the environment, including non-target plants, animals, and other crops not tolerant to dicamba.

“With today’s decision, farmers now have the certainty they need to make plans for their 2021 growing season,” said EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler. “After reviewing substantial amounts of new information, conducting scientific assessments based on the best available science, and carefully considering input from stakeholders we have reached a resolution that is good for our farmers and our environment.”

Through today’s action, EPA approved new registrations for two “over-the-top” (OTT) dicamba products—XtendiMax with VaporGrip Technology and Engenia Herbicide—and extended the registration for an additional OTT dicamba product, Tavium Plus VaporGrip Technology. These registrations are only for use on dicamba-tolerant (DT) cotton and soybeans and will expire in 2025, providing certainty to American agriculture for the upcoming growing season and beyond.

To manage off-site movement of dicamba, EPA’s 2020 registration features important control measures, including:

  • Requiring an approved pH-buffering agent (also called a Volatility Reduction Agent or VRA) be tank mixed with OTT dicamba products prior to all applications to control volatility.
  • Requiring a downwind buffer of 240 feet and 310 feet in areas where listed species are located.
  • Prohibiting OTT application of dicamba on soybeans after June 30 and cotton after July 30.
  • Simplifying the label and use directions so that growers can more easily determine when and how to properly apply dicamba.

The 2020 registration labels also provide new flexibilities for growers and states. For example, there are opportunities for growers to reduce the downwind spray buffer for soybeans through use of certain approved hooded sprayers as an alternative control method. EPA also recognizes and supports the important authority FIFRA section 24 gives the states for issuing locally appropriate regulations for pesticide use. If a state wishes to expand the federal OTT uses of dicamba to better meet special local needs, the agency will work with them to support their goals.

This action was informed by input from state regulators, grower groups, academic researchers, pesticide manufacturers, and others. EPA reviewed substantial amounts of new information and conducted assessments based on the best available science, including making Effect Determinations under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). With this information and input, EPA has concluded that these registration actions meet Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) registration standards. EPA believes that these new analyses address the concerns expressed in regard to EPA’s 2018 dicamba registrations in the June 2020 U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Further, EPA concluded that with the control measures now required on labels, these actions either do not affect or are not likely to adversely affect endangered or threatened species.

To view the final registration of the dicamba products, visit docket EPA-HQ-OPP-2020-0492 at www.regulations.gov.

Background

The United States is the world’s leading soybean producer and second-leading soybean exporter and also serves as the world’s third-largest cotton producer and the leading cotton exporter. Today, there are limited cost-effective options to control herbicide-resistant weeds affecting these commodities. In 2018, approximately 41 percent of U.S. soybean acreage was planted with dicamba-tolerant (DT) seed and almost 70 percent of U.S. cotton acreage was planted with DT seed in 2019. Relative to alternative herbicide programs, postemergence dicamba may reduce weed control costs for some growers, possibly by as much as $10 per acre, or over five percent of net operating revenue, not accounting for all measures growers will have to take to control off-field movement of dicamba.

Following reports of damage resulting from the off-site movement of dicamba, EPA amended the dicamba registration labels in 2017 and in 2018. In June 2020, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit vacated the registrations for three dicamba products: XtendiMax with VaporGrip Technology, Engenia Herbicide, and DuPont FeXapan Herbicide. As a result of the Court’s decision, EPA issued cancellation orders outlining limited circumstances under which existing stocks of the three affected products could be distributed and used until July 31, 2020.

 

Filed Under: Commercial Ag Updates, Field, Forage & Livestock, Fruit, Landscape, Nursery, & Turf, Vegetable Crops Tagged With: , ,
June 30, 2020

NJDEP Notice on Dicamba registrations (XtendiMax, Engenia, FeXapan)

State of New Jersey Dept. of Environmental Protection

 

 

The NJDEP Pesticide Program would like to share an important message from USEPA, included below, along with some key points about how the Ninth Circuit US Court of Appeals’ June 3, 2020, vacatur of three pesticide product registrations (containing dicamba as an active ingredient) impacts New Jersey’s regulated community.

  • As of June 3, 2020 sales, distribution and purchasing is prohibited for the 3 pesticide products: XtendiMax with vapor grip technology, Engenia, and FeXapan, based on the cancellation of the registrations by USEPA.
    • Distribution by the registrant, or anyone other than the registrant, is permitted only for the purposes of proper disposal (i.e. returning the product to the registrant or a registered establishment).
  • Use of existing stocks of any of the 3 products previously purchased by licensed growers and commercial applicators is permitted until July 31, 2020 and must be consistent with the previously-approved product label.
    •    USEPA includes an assessment of the risks from the use of existing stocks in the June 8th final cancellation order provided below.
    •    Nothing precludes users from stopping use prior to the July 31, 2020 deadline.
  • Distribution, sale, or use of the 3 products must be consistent with the USEPA Final cancellation order dated June 8, 2020.  Activities inconsistent with the order are considered a violation of FIFRA.
  • Where USEPA’s cancellation order allows for the continued use of existing stock until July 31, 2020, NJDEP will maintain the registrations for the 3 products until that time.  Notice will be provided to registrants for the termination of the product registrations, as applicable.

Final Cancellation Order for Three Dicamba Products (PDF) (12 pp, 10 MB)

Filed Under: Commercial Ag Updates Tagged With: ,
June 10, 2020

Important Update on Registration of Low-Volatility Dicamba Herbicides

On June 3, 2020, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit issued a ruling that vacates current U.S. registrations of of three dicamba herbicides, XtendiMax (Bayer), Engenia (BASF) and FeXapan (Corteva). The Court ruled in favor of a petition challenging the EPA’s 2018 registration decision. The ruling comes after a group of environmental organizations filed a petition with the Court challenging the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s . Other dicamba-containing products are not concerned by this ruling.

The subsequent action by the EPA provides, among other things, that “growers and commercial applicators may use existing stocks that were in their possession on June 3, 2020, the effective date of the Court decision. Such use must be consistent with the product’s previously-approved label, and may not continue after July 31, 2020.”

Click here for the EPA’s full order – see page 11 for key details.

The EPA’s order addresses the use, sale, and distribution of existing stocks of  low-volatility dicamba products impacted by the Court’s ruling.

 

 

Filed Under: Commercial Ag Updates, Field, Forage & Livestock, Fruit, Strawberry, Tree Fruit, Vegetable Crops, Wine Grape Tagged With: , , ,
May 30, 2020

Specialty Crops Injury Caused by Dicamba Herbicide Drift

Figure 1. Non-tolerant soybean foliage when exposed to a sublethal rate of dicamba 2 weeks after treatment. Leaves are cupped with the bottom edges curved towards the top surface of the leaves.

By Maggie Wasacz1 and Thierry Besancon2

1 Rutgers Weed Science Graduate Student; 2 Rutgers Weed Science Extension Specialist for Specialty Crops

Glyphosate-tolerant soybeans were first commercialized in 1996 in the United States. By 2006, almost 9 out of every 10 soybean acres were planted with glyphosate-tolerant cultivars. However, reliance on glyphosate alone for soybean weed control stimulates the selection of weed biotypes naturally resistant to glyphosate. By 2019, there were 43 weed species known to be resistant to glyphosate, including species such as Palmer amaranth or waterhemp that can easily out-compete soybean and reduce yield by more than 50% if left uncontrolled.

What is Dicamba Herbicide?

One way to control glyphosate-resistant weeds is to treat them with herbicides other than glyphosate, such as dicamba. Dicamba is a synthetic auxin herbicide that has been used to control broadleaf weeds for over 50 years. Chemical and seed companies have recently developed new soybean varieties that are tolerant to dicamba and that started to be commercialized in 2016. With the development of genetically modified dicamba-tolerant soybeans, dicamba may be sprayed more frequently during the growing season. Additionally, dicamba is regularly applied in corn, for right-of-way applications, and in the early fall for perennial weeds control.

Dicamba can injure sensitive broadleaf plants through tank incorrectly rinsed after spraying dicamba, particle drift during the dicamba application, and vaporization after dicamba has been applied . Particle drift refers to the herbicide being carried off-target by the wind during the application. Wind speed, particle droplet size, nozzle type, carrier volume, application method, and application speed will affect the extent of particle drift. Vaporization, on the other hand, occurs when the herbicide evaporates from the target plant and these vapors travel off-target.  For more information on herbicide drift, please refer to the following PPA post 10-best-management-practices-to-avoid-herbicide-drift.

If some of the dicamba sprayed onto a soybean field moves off-target and lands on a nearby field planted with a sensitive crop, the results can be very harmful. This injury could potentially cause aesthetic damage as well as reduce yield reduction.  Potential for yield loss is influenced by amount of dicamba as well as when the injury occurs. Small volumes of dicamba products can cause leaf cupping and deformation, plant twisting, and in extreme cases, plant death of sensitive crops.

Screening Vegetables for Dicamba Sensitivity

Greenhouse studies conducted at Rutgers University in 2019-2020 screened economically important vegetable crops from the mid-Atlantic region for sensitivity to sublethal doses of dicamba. These micro-rates of dicamba simulated varying levels of drift conditions in the field. To put the rates into perspective, the highest dose in this study was equivalent to about one drop of product per quart of water. The goals of this study are to develop recommendations that can help growers design their planting strategies around dicamba-treated fields as well as to use this data to help refine recommendations to maximize protection of sensitive crops.

Crop-Specific Reactions to Simulated Dicamba Drift

The most sensitive crops in this study were the leguminous crops, including non-tolerant soybean, lima bean, and snap bean, as well as solanaceous crops, such as tomato, eggplant and pepper. These crops demonstrated severe injury.

Soybean injury is characterized by the underside edges of the leaves curling upward toward the top surface of the leaves (Figure 1). Lima bean and snap bean have similar injury symptoms, both exhibiting injury in several ways. Higher rates caused some leaves to not emerge at all, while lower rates caused leaf cupping injury that caused the top edges of the leaves to curve downward towards the ground. Other symptoms included a bubble-like texture on the top sides of the leaves, as well as leaf crinkling.

Figure 2. Eggplant 2 weeks after treatment. The undersides of affected leaves are curled upward toward the top surfaces of the leaves.

Figure 3. Bell pepper 2 weeks after treatment. The leaves are cupped with a bubble-like texture on the top surface.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 4. Tomato 2 weeks after treatment. Leaflets are curled, reduced in size, and deformed.

For eggplant and bell pepper, injury was expressed as the undersides of the leaves curling upward toward the top surface (Figures 2 and 3). Additionally, leaf crinkling is seen in bell pepper foliage (Figure 3). Finally, tomato plants express dicamba injury with leaf twisting, cupping, stunting, and crinkling. At higher rates, these leaflets will be extremely stunted and deformed (Figure 4). Lower rates will show slight cupping, leaf crinkling and a change in leaf surface texture. Among the most tolerant crops from this study were basil, pumpkin, lettuce, and kale. These plants incurred the lowest amount of damage. The moderately sensitive crops included watermelon, cucumber, and summer squash. Watermelon foliage exhibits injury differently than many of the other crops tested in the study. Rather than leaf cupping, watermelon leaf texture appears shriveled and more deeply lobed with small bubbles on the top leaf surface (Figure 5).

 

 

Figure 5. Watermelon 2 weeks after treatment. Leaves are deeply lobed with a puckering, bubble-like texture.

Figure 6. Summer squash 2 weeks after treatment. Leaf edges are curved downward toward the ground.

Figure 7. Cucumber 2 weeks after treatment. Leaf is cupped and the bottom edges of the leaf are curved upward towards the top leaf surface.

 

Summer squash and cucumber, however, show leaf cupping when injured. In summer squash, the top edges of the leaf curve downward towards the ground (Figure 6).  The foliage of cucumber tends to curve the bottom edges upward toward the top surface of the leaf, although both directions of cupping were observed. (Figure 7).

On-Going Research at Rutgers

This summer, Rutgers researchers will select a few of these crops to take yield in a field-based dicamba drift study that tests different drift rates and application timings. Although this study gives some preliminary information, more detailed studies are necessary to confirm these findings. However, in the meantime, this greenhouse work gives us a brief snapshot of which species to be most concerned with when working near dicamba treated fields and provides help with field identification of these injury symptoms.

If you suspect that dicamba drift may have injured your crops, please contact you local county extension agent or Rutgers weed science specialist (Dr. Thierry Besançon) as soon as possible, and take detailed pictures of the observed damages.

 

 

Filed Under: Blueberry, Commercial Ag Updates, Fruit, Organic Production, Tree Fruit, Vegetable Crops, Wine Grape Tagged With: , , , , , ,