Vegetable Crops Edition

Seasonal updates and alerts on insects, diseases, and weeds impacting vegetable crops. New Jersey Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations updates between annual publication issues are included.
 
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NJ Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations

Rutgers Weather Forecasting - Meteorological Information important to commercial agriculture.

Diagnosing leaf diseases in sweet (and field) corn in the mid-Atlantic region

Dr. Alyssa Koehler, Field Crops Pathologist from the University of Delaware, recently posted a great diagnostic guide for important fungal leaf diseases in corn. Click here for more information. If you want to follow what is going on in Delaware you can sign up for their Weekly Crop Update by clicking here.

 

Vegetable Disease Update: 07-11-22

  • White mold has been reported in tomato and Southern blight in pepper in southern new Jersey this past week. Click here for more information.
  • Early blight is being reported in tomato.
  • Rhizoctonia root rot has been reported in summer squash. Click here for more information.
  • Powdery mildew has been reported in cucurbit crops. For more information on the control of CPM please click here.
  • Cucurbit downy mildew has been reported on cucumber in southern and central New Jersey and Eastern PA. For more information on CDM control please click here.
  • Bacterial leaf spot has been reported in pepper. More more information on BLS control please click here.
  • Bacterial canker has been reported in tomato. For more information on diagnosing important tomato diseases please click here.
  • Early blight has been reported on potato.
  • Phytophthora blight has been reported on pepper. For more information please click here.
  • Dickeya dianthicola has been reported in potato in Virginia and Massachusetts.
  • The 2022/2023 Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations Guide is available for free online or for sale in hardcopy form at many County offices.
  • For a quick review on managing fungicide resistance development using tank mixes and fungicide rotations, and information on FRAC group 4, FRAC group 7, and FRAC group 3 and FRAC group 11 fungicides please click on hyperlinks.

Identifying and controlling leaf mold in high tunnel & greenhouse tomato production

Leaf mold occasionally appears in high tunnel or greenhouse tomato production in New Jersey. However, under ideal conditions the disease will develop in field-grown crops. The fungus will cause infection under prolonged periods leaf wetness and when relative humidity remains above 85%. If relative humidity is below 85% the disease will not occur. Therefore, the proper venting of high tunnels and greenhouses on a regular basis is important. The pathogen can survive (overwinter) as a saprophyte on crop debris or as sclerotia in the soil. Conidia (spores) of the fungus can also survive up to one year in the soil.

Symptoms of leaf mold on infected tomato plant. Note the bright yellow leaves and the olive-green spores developing on the undersides of leaves.

Symptoms of leaf mold on infected tomato plant. Note bright yellow leaves and olive-green spores developing on undersides of leaves.

[Read more…]

Important resources for cucurbit disease control in 2022

The cucurbit growing season is well under way in New Jersey and the rest of the mid-Atlantic region. Below are links to useful resources for the identification and management of important cucurbit diseases.

Diagnosing important diseases in cucurbit crops

Cucurbit Powdery and Downy Mildew: A Tale of Two Pathogens

The downy mildew forecasting website

Preparing for cucurbit downy mildew in 2022

Preparing for cucurbit powdery mildew in 2022

Preparing for Anthracnose and Alternaria Leaf Blights in Cucurbit Crops

Recognizing and controlling Angular leaf spot in cucurbits

Recognizing and controlling Plectosporium blight in cucurbits

Controlling Phytophthora and Pythium root rots

Destroying cucurbit plantings after harvest

 

Recommendations for Under Plastic Mulch Weed Control

Plastic mulch, usually used with trickle irrigation, has many horticultural benefits for summer vegetable crops, and black plastic controls most annual weeds. Mulch does not solve all the weed problems in the field, and creates new challenges for the grower.
[Read more…]

Update on Status of Dacthal Herbicide

DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate) is a selective preemergence herbicide used for control of annual grasses (foxtail, crabgrass, barnyardgrass, goosegrass, fall panicum) and some broadleaved weeds (purslane, common lambsquarters, pigweeds) in vegetable crops and ornamental turf. Commercial formulations of DCPA include Dacthal® Flowable herbicide. Dacthal® Flowable is labelled for use on the following vegetable and fruiting crop groups: cole leafy vegetables, seeded melons (cantaloupe, honeydew, watermelon), collards and mustard greens, horseradish and radish, onions, sweet potatoes, tomatoes and eggplants, strawberries.

  • What is happening with DCPA, the technical ingredient in Dacthal® Flowable herbicide from AMVAC?
    On April 27th the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a notice of intent to suspend (NOITS) DCPA technical registration in the U.S. The basis for this action was that AMVAC had not provided multiple studies required during the registration review.
  • How did AMVAC and key grower stakeholders respond to this action by the EPA?
    According to FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act), AMVAC and impacted stakeholders had the opportunity to
    appeal the NOITS within 30 days, which they did on May 27th. The purpose of the appeal was to obtain a hearing that would allow
    evidence from each side to be presented in front of an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) appointed by EPA.
  • Did AMVAC and the grower stakeholders have the opportunity for a hearing?
    No. The assigned EPA administrative law judge (ALJ) ruled on Friday July 1st that the NOITS was upheld without requiring a hearing.
  • How will that impact end use formulated products like Dacthal Flowable herbicide?
    This decision does not impact formulated products (i.e., Dacthal Flowable). AMVAC’s customers can continue to sell, distribute, and
    apply Dacthal Flowable.
  • What happens now in this process concerning DCPA?
    The July 1st decision granted EPA the ability to suspend DCPA technical without requiring a hearing to examine AMVAC and
    EPA testimony. AMVAC will appeal this decision to the Environmental Appeals Board.
  • Is the registration of the end-use product Dacthal Flowable herbicide impacted by the NOITS?
    If you have used or plan to use end-use products containing DCPA, there are no consequences from that use or downstream
    consequence for the crop you applied it to, now or in the future, from NOITS activities. Applications of Dacthal Flowable end-use
    products remain legal and the established United States tolerances remain in place.
  • What are the next steps in this process? How will it impact the availability of Dacthal Flowable?
    AMVAC can continue to manufacture, sell, and distribute end-use products until notification of the appeal process has been completed. AMVAC’s customers can continue to sell, distribute, and apply Dacthal Flowable. AMVAC is commitment to continuing to exhaust all options to defend DCPA. Outside of any legal proceedings, AMVAC continues to generate and submit to EPA the data necessary to fulfill the Data Call-In (DCI) Notices required to complete registration review for DCPA, regardless of the suspension status.