Andy Wyenandt

This is an archive of Dr. Wyenandt's posts on the Plant and Pest Advisory.

Recognizing Angular Leaf Spot in Cucurbits

Angular leaf spot, caused by the bacterium (Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans), is common in New Jersey and the region. Although it often shows up during cooler, wet weather; it can show up almost anytime during the production season with favorable weather conditions for its development.

Symptoms of angular leaf spot in cucurbit.

Symptoms of angular leaf spot in cucurbit.

Angular leaf spot of pumpkin. Note the 'shot holes' in the leaf.

Angular leaf spot of pumpkin. Note leaf ‘shot holes’.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Angular leaf spot will first appear in ‘hot spots’ as, small water-soaked lesions which will expand until they reach a larger leaf vein resulting in the angular looking symptoms on leaves. Under heavy disease pressure, the bacteria will infect fruit causing small, water-soaked circular spots. In many cases once weather conditions become dry again, infected tissue in leaves will die and fall out leaving the characteristic ‘shot hole’ symptoms. Control of angular leaf spot begins scouting your fields, particularly in areas that may get shaded and remain wet after heavy rainfalls. Application of labeled rates of fixed copper plus mancozeb to help suppress the spread of the disease until hot, dry weather returns.

Important fungal diseases in Asparagus during the summer months

Asparagus growers should consider scouting their fields regularly during the summer months for  foliar disease development. Important pathogens that growers need to scout for on a regular basis include Purple spot, Cercospora, and Rust. [Read more…]

Identifying and controlling Botrytis in high tunnel and greenhouse tomato production

Botrytis, or gray mold, caused by the fungus, Botrytis cinerea, can cause significant losses in high tunnel and greenhouse tomato production if not controlled properly. The pathogen can rapidly spread during periods when structures are closed and when relative humidity remains high for long periods of time. This often occurs when outside weather remains cool and damp while heating is needed. Gray mold is favored by temperatures from 64° to 75°F and requires only high humidity (not leaf wetness) to become established. The pathogen has a large host range and once established in an enclosed structure it can be very difficult to control (UMASS). The fungus can survive/overwinter as mycelia or sclerotia in plant debris and in organic soil matter (NCSU).

[Read more…]

Controlling Anthracnose and Alternaria Leaf Blights in Cucurbit Crops

Anthracnose and Alternaria leaf blight can become problematic in cucurbit crops during long periods of wet, humid weather. Both can cause significant losses if not controlled properly. With the production season in full swing, now is a good time to review a few of these important diseases. [Read more…]

Diagnosing leaf diseases in sweet (and field) corn in the mid-Atlantic region

Dr. Alyssa Koehler, Field Crops Pathologist from the University of Delaware, recently posted a great diagnostic guide for important fungal leaf diseases in corn. Click here for more information. If you want to follow what is going on in Delaware you can sign up for their Weekly Crop Update by clicking here.

 

Diagnosing important diseases in Cucurbit crops – Reference Guide

The following images consist of important diseases in cucurbit crops. These images can be used as a quick reference for diagnosing important fungal and bacterial pathogens. For best results, please turn your device (i.e., cell phone) sideways. For information on commercial control recommendations, please visit the cucurbit sections of the 2024/2025 Mid-Atlantic Commercial Vegetable Production Guide.

Cucurbit powdery mildew (CPM)  Cucurbit powdery mildew CPM on infected pumpkin stem
Cucurbit powdery mildew (CPM)   Cucurbit powdery mildew CPM on infected pumpkin stem
Cucurbit downy mildew (CDM) CDM sporulating on underside of infected cucumber leaf CDM sporulating on underside of infected cucumber leaf with 10x hand
Cucurbit downy mildew (CDM) CDM sporulating on underside of infected cucumber leaf CDM sporulating on underside of infected cucumber leaf with 10x hand
Anthracnose on cucumber Anthracnose lesion on infected leaf vein Anthracnose-infected cucumber fruit
Anthracnose on cucumber Anthracnose lesion on infected leaf vein Anthracnose-infected cucumber fruit
Plectosporium blight on infected stem Plectosporium lesions on infected vines Plectosporium lesions on infected pumpkin fruit
Plectosporium blight on infected stem Plectosporium lesions on infected vines Plectosporium lesions on infected pumpkin fruit
Phytophthora blight symptoms Phytophthora-infected squash Phytophthora-infected watermelon field
Phytophthora blight symptoms Phytophthora-infected squash Phytophthora-infected watermelon field
Phytophthora-infected pumpkin Phytophthora-infected squash fruit Phytophthora-infected watermelon fruit
Phytophthora-infected pumpkin Phytophthora-infected squash fruit Phytophthora-infected watermelon fruit
Mosaic virus symptoms on leaves of infected pumpkin plant Pumpkin fruit infected with mosaic virus Virus infected squash fruit
Mosaic virus symptoms on leaves of infected pumpkin plant Pumpkin fruit infected with mosaic virus Virus infected squash fruit
Fusarium fruit rot of pumpkin White mold on infected fruit Gummy stem blight
Fusarium fruit rot of pumpkin White mold on infected fruit Gummy stem blight
Choanephora-infected fruit Choanephora spores in infected pumpkin fruit Choanephora infecting giant pumpkin fruit
Choanephora-infected fruit Choanephora spores in infected pumpkin fruit Choanephora infecting giant pumpkin fruit
Bacterial wilt infected plant Symptoms of bacterial canker infected stem Damage done by cucumber beetle feeding
Bacterial wilt infected plant Symptoms of bacterial canker infected stem Damage done by cucumber beetle feeding
Angular leaf spot Shot holes in pumpkin leaves caused by Angular leaf spot in pumpkin Mature pumpkin fruit with sunscald injury due to the loss of plant canopy
Angular leaf spot Shot holes in pumpkin leaves caused by Angular leaf spot in pumpkin Mature pumpkin fruit with sunscald injury due to the loss of plant canopy

Andy Wyenandt and Kris Holmstrom