Fruit Crops Edition

Seasonal updates on diseases, insects, weeds impacting tree fruit and small fruit (blueberry, cranberry, and wine grape). Fruit Pest Alerts are also available via this category feed.
 
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‘Polar Vortex’ vs. Stink Bugs

This winter, especially January and February have been a bit cold, complete with ‘polar vortexes’ and lots of snow. There have been a couple of newspaper articles about how this will negatively impact insect pest populations, specifically brown marmorated stink bug. Is this true?

For BMSB, most likely NO. While insects do have something similar to antifreeze in their hemolymph (blood) there is a critical freezing temperature at which most species will die. Preliminary research by Dr. Tom Kuhar at Virginia Tech says the super cooling point – when the blood freezes – of BMSB is 5ºF. Populations in natural habitats may have suffered from the extreme cold weather. However, the majority of the BMSB population spends its winter with you, tucked inside the attic and under the eaves of houses, in boxes, under tarps etc. where it is warmer. They are in a reproductive diapause at this point, meaning that adult BMSB have physically prepared themselves to survive cold temperatures, and snow further acts to insulate the populations. There is a saying in Japan that lots of snow in the winter means lots of stink bugs (BMSB) in the summer! Research by Dr. K. Kiritani in Japan shows that BMSB is better adapted at surviving the winter than other stink bug species. There are many factors that contribute to winter mortality or survival and previous research suggests ~20% winter mortality for BMSB in any given year, regardless of weather.

So since the polar vortex may not keep the stink bugs at bay, keep monitoring your crops in the mid-late Spring for the initial dispersal.

Considerations for Estimating Cold Hardiness in Wine Grape

The severity of the current winter weather has growers and ag agents questioning how to accurately assess vineyard damage and develop a plan for coping with the damage through cultural management.

Fruit Specialist Dan Ward supplies comprehensive answers.

Cross sections of grapevine compound buds showing the location of primary (P), secondary (S), and tertiary (T) buds. P bud is dead, while S and T buds are alive;

Cross sections of grapevine compound buds showing the location of primary (P), secondary (S), and tertiary (T) buds.
P bud is dead, while S and T buds are alive.
Photo courtesy WSU Extension

The hardiness of grape buds and wood ranges widely among cultivars and different antecedent weather and physiological conditions. Any estimate of cold hardiness needs to be considered as specific to either the buds or the wood, given the cultivar, under the previous Fall’s conditions for the development of hardiness, given the weather conditions preceding the cold event in question. [Read more…]

South Jersey Commercial Tree Fruit Grower Meeting POSTPONED to Feb 14

The National Weather Service has issued a Winter Storm Warning from 7 pm Wednesday 12Feb  to 1 pm Thursday 13Feb  for Southeastern New Jersey and adjoining states.  Snow accumulations of 3-6 inches are expected with significant amounts of sleet and ice.  This will make travel very hazardous or impossible.

Given these forecasted weather conditions, the South Jersey Commercial Tree Fruit Grower Meeting, originally scheduled for Thursday Feb. 13 at the Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Bridgeton, has been postponed.
The meeting will take place one day later, on Friday Feb. 14th, at the same location and starting time of 8 am.

If anyone pre-registered for the original meeting time cannot make the new time, please contact Karen Holton at (856) 455-3100 ext. 4104 to cancel.

 

Assessing Grapevine Winter Cold Injury Workshop

Date: Thursday, February 6, 2014   6:00 to 7:30pm
Location: Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 121 Northville Road, Bridgeton, NJ

Heritage Vineyards 2009Accurate self-assessment of bud viability and fruitfulness is sound vineyard management when dealing with the effects of the unusually cold temperatures experienced this winter.

Join the Outer Coastal Plain Vineyard Association (OCPVA) and Rutgers NJAES for a free mini-workshop to train winegrape growers on the details of accurate cold injury damage assessment. Bring your own hand lens or other magnifier and, if you wish, some pieces of grape cane to evaluate.

South Jersey Commercial Tree Fruit Grower Meeting

Date:    Thursday, February 13, 2014
Time:   8:00 am – 2:00 pm
Location:  Rutgers Agricultural Research & Extension Center
121 Northville Road, Bridgeton, NJ [Read more…]

2014 Tree Fruit Meetings for Commercial Growers

A full slate of tree fruit meetings sponsored by the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station and Rutgers Cooperative Extension have been scheduled for the upcoming 2014 growing season.
The season begins with:

  • South Jersey Tree Fruit MeetingFebruary 13 @ RAREC Note: New Date Feb 14
  • North Jersey Fruit Meeting – March 7 @ Warren Grange

These annual “winter” meetings are followed by a series of evening fruit meetings in both northern and southern NJ throughout April, May, and early June. Some of these latter evening meetings will be at grower sites. The meeting season culminates with the RAREC Fruit Research Field Day on June 26, which will include visits to research vineyards as well as orchards.
[Read more…]