Archives for May 2019

Controlling Strawberry Fruit Rots – 2019

Fruit rots in strawberry can cause significant losses if not recognized early and controlled. The use of good cultural practices such as keeping fields weed-free and promoting good drainage, long crop rotations, and preventative fungicide applications are critical.

Pathogens such as anthracnose, gray mold (Botrytis), and leather rot (Phytophthora) can become systemic problems in strawberry plantings and can be difficult to manage over the lifetime of the planting.

The use of mulch (matted rows) to prevent/reduce soil splashing and keeping fruit from coming into direct contact with the soil surface can be beneficial in organic production systems where conventional fungicides cannot be used. Use of long crop rotations and staying away from areas of the farm with known instances of any of these pathogens is also important. Remember that same species of Colletotrichum that causes fruit rot in pepper and other crops can also infect strawberry.

[Read more…]

Damping-off: Identifying and Controlling Early-Season Damping-off Pathogens

It is extremely important to know which pathogen is causing damping-off problems and which fungicide to properly apply. The key to controlling damping-off is being proactive instead of reactive. Always refer to the fungicide label for crop use, pathogens controlled, and application rates.

Damping-off is caused by a number of important vegetable pathogens and is very common during the spring. Damping-off can kill seedlings before they break the soil line (pre-emergent damping-off) or kill seedlings soon after they emerge (post-emergent damping-off). Common pathogens that cause damping-off include Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia and Fusarium spp.

Control of damping-off depends on a number of factors. First, is recognizing the conditions which may be leading to the problem (i.e., weather/greenhouse growing conditions) and second, identifying the pathogen causing the problem.

Conditions Favoring Damping-off

Although all four pathogens are associated with damping-off, the conditions which favor their development are very different. In general, Phytophthora and Pythium are more likely to cause damping-off in cool, wet or overwatered soils that aren’t allowed to dry out due to cloudy weather or cooler temperatures. Conversely, Rhizoctonia and Fusarium are more likely to cause damping-off under warmer, drier conditions especially if plug trays are kept on the dry side to help reduce transplant growth. [Read more…]

Understanding Damping-off Pathogens During Seeding and Transplanting

Damping-off is caused by a number of important vegetable pathogens and is very common during transplant production and early-spring. Damping-off can kill seedlings before they break the soil line (pre-emergent damping-off) or kill seedlings soon after they emerge (post-emergent damping-off). Common pathogens that cause damping-off include Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia and Fusarium spp.

It is extremely important to know which pathogen is causing the damping-off problem and which fungicide to properly apply.

[Read more…]

Vegetable Disease Update – 5/21/19

  • The cool, damp weather the past week has been ideal for downy mildew development on spring crops. Growers are advised to scout fields on a regular basis
  • The heavy rains and damp, cool weather have been ideal conditions for early-season damping off caused by Pythium. Growers should continue to scout on a regular basis and remain proactive in their fungicide programs as long as current weather patterns continue.
  • Cercospora leaf spot on swiss chard has been reported.
  • Bacterial leaf spot of parsley has been reported.
  • Basil downy mildew has been reported in greenhouses in North Carolina.
  • Cucurbit downy mildew has been reported as far north as St. Lucie County, Florida.
  • For more information on controlling these and other important diseases please see the 2019 Mid-Atlantic Commercial Vegetable Production Guide. The guide is available for FREE online by following the links on the Plant and Pest Advisory website. Hardcopies of the 2019 guide can be purchased through your local county Extension office.

Bucks Montgomery Cooperative Wool Pool

Bucks Montgomery PA Annual Wool Pool Second Saturday in June

The Bucks/Montgomery Cooperative Wool Pool will hold it’s annual wool pool 7 a.m.-2 p.m. Saturday, June 8th, at Delaware Valley University’s Roth Farm, 1260 Welsh Road, North Wales, Pa.

Date: Saturday, June 8, 2019
Time: 7:00 AM – 2:00 PM
Place: Roth Farm of Delaware Valley College
(Near the intersection of Routes 63 and 202, Upper Gwynedd, 8 miles west of DVU main campus – see map at link).

2019 BM Wool Pool Notice

For up-to-date information please contact the Garden State Sheep Breeders.

New Insecticide Registered in Cranberries

Earlier this year, Exirel® (FMC Corporation) was registered for use in cranberries. The Exirel label includes the target pests: cherry fruitworm, cranberry fruitworm, blackheaded fireworm, and Sparganothis fruitworm. The active ingredient (a.i.) is cyantraniliprole. This insecticide belongs to a class of insecticides known as anthranilic diamides (similar to Altacor). This class of insecticides is particularly effective against lepidopteran pests but Exirel has broader insecticidal activity that includes flies, aphids, weevils, etc. After ingestion, anthranilic diamides work by impairing muscle contraction, resulting in feeding cessation, lethargy, and partial paralysis, eventually leading to the death of the insect.

Exirel is considered a reduced-risk insecticide and compatible with biological control. It should thus be considered as a new alternative when rotating insecticides with different modes of action for preventing the development of resistant populations. Exirel has a 14-day pre-harvest interval (PHI) and a 12-hour re-entry interval (REI). A maximum of 0.4 lb a.i. can be applied per acre, which equates to three applications at the highest label rate (20.5 fl oz per acre).

Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that Exirel can provide similar, or sometimes even better, larval control as compared with other registered materials such as Intrepid, Delegate, and Altacor.