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May 25, 2015

Vegetable Disease Update – 5/25/15

Pepper 

Bacterial leaf spot – Symptoms of bacterial leaf spot on pepper leaves include small, brown water-soaked lesions that turn brown and necrotic in the centers. Spots may coalesce and form large blighted areas on leaves and premature defoliation can occur. On fruit, brown lesions can form which have a roughened, cracked wart-like appearance. High temperatures, high relative humidity and rainfall favor Bacterial spot development. Loss from Bacterial spot can be reduced somewhat by maintaining high levels of fertility, which will stimulate new growth. Applying a fixed copper (M1) at labeled rates or may help suppress spread. Quintec (quinoxyfen, 13) at 6.0 fl. oz/A is now labeled for the suppression of bacterial leaf spot in pepper in the mid-Atlantic region. Please see the 2015 New Jersey Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations Guide for more information. [Read more…]

Filed Under: Organic Production, Vegetable Crops
May 4, 2015

Strawberry Fruit Rots 2015

Anthracnose fruit rot of strawberry

Anthracnose Fruit Rot of Strawberry

Fruit rots in strawberry can cause significant losses if not recognized early and controlled. The use of good cultural practices such as: keeping fields weed-free and promoting good drainage; long crop rotations, and preventative fungicide applications are critical.

Pathogens such as anthracnose, gray mold (Botrytis), and leather rot can become systemic problems in strawberry plantings once established. All three fungal diseases are soil-borne and once in fields can be difficult to manage over the lifetime of the planting.

The use of mulch (matted rows) to prevent/reduce soil splashing and keeping fruit from coming into direct contact with the soil surface can be beneficial in organic production systems where conventional fungicides cannot be used. Use of long crop rotations and staying away from areas of the farm with known instances of any of these pathogens is also important. Remember that same species of Colletotrichum that causes fruit rot in pepper and other crops can also infect strawberry.

[Read more…]

Filed Under: Organic Production, Vegetable Crops Tagged With:
August 25, 2014

Vegetable Disease Briefs – 8/25/14

  • Late blight was reported in organic tomato field in southern New Jersey on 8/14. There have been no new reports of late blight in the state this past week.
  • Basil downy mildew remains active.
  • Pepper anthracnose has flared up in the southern part of the state.
  • Phomopsis fruit rot has been found on eggplant in Salem County.
  • Conditions for downy mildew development on many crops have been ideal this past week with the cooler temperatures and dewy mornings. Downy mildew has been reported on cucumbers, basil, and crucifer crops. Remember, the fungicides recommended for controlling downy mildew are specific and need to be incorporated into weekly maintenance applications.
Filed Under: Vegetable Crops
August 10, 2014

Vegetable Disease Briefs – 8/11/14

  • Late Blight: There have been scattered reports of late blight in the Northeast region the last few weeks. There have been no reports of late blight in New Jersey to date this summer.
  • Cucurbit Powdery and Downy Mildew remain active. All cucurbit growers in the state should include powdery and downy mildew specific fungicides in their weekly maintenance programs. As a reminder, all abandoned fields  need to be disced under or sprayed with gramoxone to reduce inoculum pressure.
  • Pepper Anthracnose has been reported in some areas. See Mitigating Losses to Pepper Anthracnose for more information on its control.
  • Bacterial problems on tomato and pepper continue to be an issue. The dry weather this past week should have helped slow things down, however, heavy rain is expected in the state on Tuesday.
  • Results of a Septoria Leaf Spot trial on parsley this summer at RAREC suggest that resistance  is beginning to develop to the FRAC code 11 fungicide, Quadris, and are similar to results from a trial last fall (see Controlling Septoria Leaf Spot in Parsley). Parsley growers, particularly in the Vineland area, should consider using fungicides such as Fontelis (penthiopyrad, FRAC code 7) or Merivon (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin, 7 + 11) in weekly rotations.
Filed Under: Vegetable Crops
July 19, 2014

Vegetable Briefs – 7/19/14

Basil downy mildew

Basil Downy Mildew remains active in New Jersey. All basil growers should scout on a daily basis and taking appropriate preventative measures.

Cucurbit downy mildew

Cucurbit Downy Mildew has been reported as far north as northern Maryland and in central Michigan to-date. With the latest weather this past week, all cucurbit growers should scout on a regular basis and adjust fungicide programs accordingly and begin to apply downy mildew specific fungicides if not already done so. Organic growers should apply copper or other OMRI-approved products to help prevent and suppress downy mildew development. If you suspect CDM on your farm please contact your count agent so we can confirm and report it. To track downy mildew in the US please visit NCSU’s Downy Mildew Forecasting Website.

Cucurbit growers should scout on a regular basis and adjust fungicide programs to incorporate powdery mildew specific fungicides into their weekly fungicide programs.

Peppers and Tomatoes

Bacterial leaf spot has been reported on both crops. Heavy wind and rains have been experienced throughout the state. Remember that all bacteria need a natural opening (i.e., stomata) or a wound (i.e., from typing or pruning) to enter a plant to start an infection.
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Filed Under: Vegetable Crops
July 15, 2014

Vegetable Disease Briefs 7-15-14

  • Cucurbit downy mildew was confirmed in Wicomico County, Maryland late last week. All growers should continue to scout all cucurbit fields on a regular basis. Once harvesting is finished all fields should be disked under and or sprayed with gramoxone. Please see the 2014 Commercial Vegetable Recommendations Guide for specific fungicide recommendations. To track the progress of cucurbit downy mildew please visit North Carolina State University’s Cucurbit Downy Mildew Forecasting Center at http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/cucurbit/
  • Phytophthora crown rot is being reported in multiple crops. Weather conditions for the past few days have been ideal for its development.
  • There have been no new reports of Late blight in the region. To date, Late blight has been reported in Lancaster County, PA and confirmed in west central PA; on Long Island, NY and western NY.  To track late blight in the US please visit http://usablight.org/.

    • [Read more…]

Filed Under: Vegetable Crops