Vegetable Crops Edition

Seasonal updates and alerts on insects, diseases, and weeds impacting vegetable crops. New Jersey Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations updates between annual publication issues are included.
 
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NJ Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations

Rutgers Weather Forecasting - Meteorological Information important to commercial agriculture.

Quick reviews of fungicide chemistries, FRAC groups, and fungicide resistance management

Did you know that first EBDC fungicide was registered for use in vegetable crops in 1964 followed by chlorothalonil in 1966. Historically speaking, the first New Jersey Vegetable Production Recommendations Guide was produced in 1969 and was only 33 pages long (it’s 502 pages now). Things have changed significantly over the past 55 years when it comes to pest management! For a quick review on fungicides, FRAC groups, and managing fungicide resistance development please click on the links below.

Using tank mixes and fungicide rotations and information on FRAC group 4, FRAC group 7, and FRAC group 3 and FRAC group 11 fungicides.

As a reminder, the new 2024-2025 Mid-Atlantic Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations Guide can be purchased at most county offices and is also available for FREE on-line here!

Understanding Protectant Fungicides (FRAC groups M01 – M12) in 2024

Protectant (contact) fungicides, such as the inorganics (copper, FRAC group M01) and sulfur (FRAC code M02); the dithiocarbamates (mancozeb, M03), phthalimides (Captan, M04), and chloronitriles (chlorothalonil, M05) are fungicides which have a low chance for fungicide resistance to develop. Protectant fungicides typically offer broad spectrum control for many different pathogens.

Why wouldn’t fungi develop resistance to protectant fungicides? Protectant fungicides are used all the time, often in a weekly manner throughout much of the growing season.

[Read more…]

Diagnosing Spear Damage in Asparagus

Spear damage in asparagus can be caused by diseases such as Phytophthora spear and crown rot and purple spot. However, other environmental factors during the spring can damage spears as they emerge from the soil.

Freeze injury in asparagus

Fig 1a. Freeze injury in asparagus. (Photo by Tom Orton)

Freeze injury in Asparagus

Fig 1b. Freeze injury in Asparagus. Note the color of the interior of the spear. (Photo by Tom Orton)

Freeze Injury – About 10 days ago temperatures dipped well below freezing for a night or two, and combined with the higher than normal temperature this spring, some asparagus fields that had already started to produce spears were hit with injury. Affected spears will be bent/distorted and begin to breakdown and rot (Fig. 1a).

Cutting frozen spears will show the discoloration of the spear caused by the freeze (Fig. 1b).


Fig. 2. Wind damage of asparagus spears. Notice how all spears are pointed in the same direction

Wind – Periods of heavy winds during emergence will cause spears to bend. High winds can cause one side of the spear to dry out quicker than the other causing the spear to bend and point in the direction of the prevailing wind. An asparagus planting is suffering from wind damage if most of the bent spear heads in the bed are pointing in the same direction (Fig.2).

[Read more…]

Webinar: Getting a Head Start and Keeping the Season Going

Register for the Free Informational Talk for Farmers, “Getting a Head Start and Keeping the Season Going,” on Tuesday, May 21, 2024, via Zoom from 6 to 7p.m.

For information, call 609-465-5115, ext. 3601 or email capemayag@njaes.rutgers.edu.

Register at: https://go.rutgers.edu/unt9odv2

South Jersey Tree Fruit Twilight Meeting – II

When: May 21 (Tuesday) @ 5 pm

Where: Nichols Orchards: 628 Royal Ave., Franklinville, NJ 08322

Pesticide credits: 1A (5), PP2 (5), and 10 (5) [Read more…]

Controlling Purple Spot on Asparagus Spears

Purple spot, caused the soil-borne fungus, Stemphylium vesicarium, can cause problems in cool, wet springs. Symptoms, just like its name, include numerous, sunken oval-shaped spots on spears during the harvest season and more importantly on ferns and stalks during the summer months as long as conditions are ideal for its development.

Twelve hours of wetness is needed for infection and the disease is exacerbated by wind-blown sand injury. Heavy purple spot infection during the summer will lead to premature defoliation which will decrease carbohydrate reserves for the next production season. With the season we had last year and the wet spring we’ve had thus far this year season, pressure due to purple spot may be high. Control of purple spot can be difficult because of management issues (i.e., the mowing and chopping up and leaving of old fern material in the field) and because fungicides can’t be applied during the harvest season. Growers who had pre-mature defoliation issues last year may expect problems this spring. Remember, controlling purple spot begins with preventative fungicide applications during summer and fall by reducing infections to ferns and stalks. Weekly scouting should be done in the spring and followed up with additional scouting and timely fungicide applications once fern stalks are full size. Apply and rotate azoxystrobin (FRAC group 11) at 6.2 to 15.5 fl oz 2.08F/A with chlorothalonil at 2.0 to 4.0 pt/A.

(Photo by M. Hausbeck, Michigan State University)