Basil downy mildew has been confirmed on field-grown basil in southern and central New Jersey on 6/29/16. This is the first report of the pathogen in New Jersey and the mid-Atlantic region this growing season. All basil growers are encouraged to scout on a regular basis and initiate a protectant fungicide program if one hasn’t been started.
Vegetable Crops Edition
Seasonal updates and alerts on insects, diseases, and weeds impacting vegetable crops. New Jersey Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations updates between annual publication issues are included.
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June 30, 2016 Andy Wyenandt
Basil downy mildew confirmed in southern and central New Jersey – ALERT 6/30/16
June 29, 2016 Kris Holmstrom and Joe Ingerson-Mahar
Veg IPM Update: Week Ending 6/29/16
Sweet Corn
European corn borer (ECB) moth catches remain very low now. The first flight is over, and growers are now managing subsequent infestations, which are generally lower than normal. Present adult activity is too low to generate a map image (<0.5 moths/night in all traps). Larval feeding ranges from single digits to above 20% in areas where IPM personnel are operating, although many plantings still have no detectable feeding at all. Be sure to begin monitoring plantings for ECB feeding while they are still in the whorl stage. Consider treating when the number of infested plants in a 50 plant sample exceeds 12%. Feeding in the whorl stage will appear as numerous small holes (called “shot-hole”) on leaves, with damage present on consecutively younger leaves. As plants progress to pre-tassel and beyond, droppings and larvae may be found in or on the emerging tassels. Any planting remaining at or above threshold as it proceeds to full tassel should be treated, as this is the last stage at which ECB larvae will be exposed and vulnerable to insecticidal sprays. Insecticides that are acceptable in organic production include the spinosyn based material Entrust (IRAC-5) and Dipel (IRAC-11a). The 10G formulation of Dipel is particularly useful when granules can be dropped or broadcast such that they get into the whorls of corn plants. Other effective insecticides include Coragen (IRAC 28), and the synthetic pyrethroids (IRAC 3). See the 2016 Commercial Vegetable Recommendations Guide for a more complete list of insecticides.
The highest nightly ECB catches for the previous week are as follows:
| Denville 1 | Matawan 1 |
| Farmingdale 1 | New Egypt 1 |
| Lawrenceville 1 | Old Bridge 1 |
| Little York 1 | Pennington 1 |
In addition, several low-level infestations of fall armyworm (FAW) were discovered this week. These were in Hunterdon and Middlesex counties, but it is likely that there are other light infestations throughout the state. These infestations have not exceeded 4% in the whorl stage, and are likely the result of a few FAW moths arriving in advance of weather fronts. This is somewhat early for FAW infestations in NJ, and we would expect to see little injury until mid-July. FAW feeding is much more obvious than that of ECB larvae, with large ragged holes and conspicuous droppings found in the whorl. FAW is resistant to synthetic pyrethroid insecticides (IRAC 3), and can be effectively managed with insecticides such as Radiant/Entrust/Blackhawk (IRAC 5) or Coragen/Besiege (IRAC 28). Consider treating if damage from ECB and/or FAW reaches 12%. [Read more…]
June 29, 2016 Andy Wyenandt
Cucurbit downy mildew confirmed on cucumber in Maryland – ALERT
Cucurbit downy mildew was confirmed on cucumber in Caroline County, Maryland on the Eastern Shore on 6/27. This is the first report of cucurbit downy mildew in the mid-Atlantic region this growing season. All cucurbit growers should scout their fields on a regular basis and initiate a protectant fungicide program. Cucumber growers should include downy mildew-specific fungicide(s) in their weekly applications. For more control information on the control of cucurbit downy mildew please see the 2016 Mid-Atlantic Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations Guide.
June 28, 2016 Andy Wyenandt
Dickeya dianthicola affecting potato growers throughout Mid-Atlantic region – Updated 7/5/16
In addition to Dickeya dianthicola being found in ‘Reba’, ‘Snowden’, and ‘Norwis’ on 3 farms in New Jersey this year, the pathogen has also been detected in fields with seed originating from Maine on 5 farms on Long Island in ‘Reba’, ‘Vivialdi’, ‘Superior’, ‘Norwis’, and ‘Waneta’ and three fields of ‘Vivaldi’ in DE. The pathogen has been detected in PA, MD, VA, NC, WV, and FL this summer on seed from Maine and New Brunswick, Canada (NJ and VA). Maine potatoes are currently shipped to over 20 states across the country (CA, CT, FL, ID, IN, KY, MD, MA, MS, NH, NJ, NY, NC, OH, PA, RI, TN, VT, VA, WA, WV, and WI). Potato growers, crop consultants, and Extension personnel in states which grow Maine potatoes should remain vigilant by scouting their fields for Dickeya symptoms on a regular basis and by submitting any suspect samples for diagnostic testing. Dickeya dianthicola has been detected in the US in the past, and because of this, APHIS just recently announced that the pathogen has been designated as a non-reportable/non-actionable pathogen despite its potential to cause 100% crop loss. A link to the USDA/APHIS website for information on Dickeya dianthicola detection and control can be found here.
For more information on Dickeya please see the following articles posted online – source(s) of information:
Update on Dickeya detections in potato – University of Delaware
Dickeya Blackleg: New potato disease causing major impact. – Cornell University
Watch for Dickeya – a new potato disease – The Ohio State University
High security Aroostook farm advances tater technology. – Maine Potato Board
Slowing Dickeya, other pathogens in Canada. – North Dakota State University
Dickeya: A new threat to potato production in North America. – SPUDsmart
Dickeya is coming. – University of Wisconsin/North Dakota State University
Maine ‘Ground Zero’ for new potato disease. – Maine Department of Ag.
Maine seed potato growers looking to protect brand against disease. Maine Department of Ag./Maine Potato Board
June 27, 2016 Andy Wyenandt
Dickeya discussion at National Plant Board meeting in Wilmington, DE
The National Plant Board will be holding their annual meeting in Wilmington, DE on July 31 to August 4th. The National Plant Board plays a significant leadership role in regulation and policy rules in agricultural production with each state having a representative member. One of the topics of discussion will be Dickeya dianthicola which has caused significant problems in potato production in NJ other states in the mid-Atlantic region. There will be presentations on Dickeya and seed potato production on the morning of Wednesday August 3rd starting at 8:15 AM. More information on the meeting and the schedule can be found here.
June 24, 2016 Andy Wyenandt
Dickeya dianthicola affecting potato in New Jersey
Dickeya dianthicola, an aggressive form of blackleg, has been found on potato in New Jersey for a second year in a row. The pathogen has also been found in potato crops in other states in the mid-Atlantic region this summer. The pathogen can cause significant losses if brought into the field on infested seed. Symptoms of Dickeya include the rotting/melting of the infested seed piece without the smell of traditional soft rotting bacteria. The bacterium will spread to other tubers developing on plant and into the stems leading to blackleg symptoms on the foliage. Infected plants can collapse quickly under hot conditions. Surveying and testing for Dickeya is currently being done in all states in the region. All potato growers should scout on a daily basis and any suspect plants should be submitted for testing. In New Jersey, fields of ‘Reba’, ‘Snowden’, and ‘Norwis’ have tested positive for Dickeya dianthicola from seed originating from Maine and Canada.
Symptoms of blackleg caused by Dickeya dianthicola on an infected potato plant.
