Rutgers Cooperative Extension
Seasonal updates on diseases, insects, weeds impacting tree fruit and small fruit (blueberry, cranberry, and wine grape). Fruit Pest Alerts are also available via this category feed.
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American Cranberry Growers Association 2013 Summer Field Day
Date: Thursday, August 15Location: Rutgers P.E. Marucci Center for Blueberry & Cranberry Research & Extension, Chatsworth, NJ
Parking will be available at the Center’s shop (across cranberry bogs).
Transportation for tours will be provided at the Center.
Agenda
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We have been conducting numerous insecticide trials at RAREC against BMSB in peaches (Encore variety). In particular, we are evaluating the efficacy of a a single insecticide sprayed on a 10 day schedule to see if we can identify differences in effectiveness of selected insecticides throughout the season. I understand that growers will not (and should not) spray the same chemical throughout the season but it helps to isolate the effect each chemical. This is complimented by laboratory trials using field collected bugs. Because of limitations in the number of applications for certain chemicals I feel that this is an important component to developing IPM programs in NJ. We have evaluated Lannate LV, Bifenture (Sect 18 only), Bifenture+Assail (Sect 18 only), Assail+Perm-Up, Voliam Xpress, Voliam Flexi, Danitol, Endigo and Closer. Closer is a new neo-nicotinoid like compound (IRAC Class 4C) from Dow AgroSciences that is effective against green peach aphid. Because of its potential importance as a resistance management tool, we included this in the evaluation.
Our results thus far are interesting. We evaluate 3 ways:
Percent BMSB Damaged Fruit in Mid July
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Severity of BMSB Injury in Mid July
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Please keep in mind that the BMSB pressure at RAREC is very high! Always follow label instructions.
Fruit IPM Report 7-27-13 – Click to View | Download | Print
In this report:BMSB Damage in Pear
- Pear
- Peach
- Apple
- Grape
- Scouting Calendar
- Blueberry
- Trap Counts
BMSB populations are significantly higher than last year and unsprayed fruit is already damaged.
Fruit harvested (mid-season assessment) around July 4 in a research trial under light management had very early season injury as well as recent feeding damage. Some of this is due to the wet June we experienced which reduced the effectiveness of treatments, but this is compounded by high populations.
The ranking of materials can be found in previous posts or in the Rutgers Tree Fruit Production Guide utilizing a short interval between sprays. It is anticipated that two good BMSB chemicals Bifenthrin/Brigade and Scorpion/Venom will be available at effective rates shortly once the Sect. 18 request has been filled. The maximum rate of Belay has shown good results as has Endigo in last year’s trials at RAREC. Always follow label instructions.
Kris Holmstrom of Rutgers Vegetable IPM program develops a weekly map of BMSB catches in black light traps. We have been monitoring BMSB in black light traps at vegetable farms throughout NJ since 2004. This has proven to be a great resource for identifying the spread of BMSB. From 2004 through 2011, BMSB spread at a rate of 2.84 new farms each year and is now spread throughout NJ.
The black lights work to attract BMSB adults flying at night. They mistake the trap for the moon and get caught. We have been able to correlate trap captures with key periods of flight activity, such as development of the 1st generation adults and large movements between crops. In late May/early June, early catches tell us that BMSB is active on the farm and coincides with the beginning of egg laying. Currently, these traps tell us about the activity of BMSB in the landscape, not on specific crops. We are working to identify what trap captures mean in terms of management decisions. In the meantime, if there is an increase in BMSB catches in your area it is a good indication of activity in a crop and the possibly need for management decisions. As Kris develops these maps each week, I will distribute them to the fruit growers.
This week’s map shows that activity in southern NJ has picked up as well as some spots in northern farms – a trend that I anticipate to increase.
Fruit IPM Report 7-20-13 – Click to View | Download | Print
Early Season (top) and Late Season (silvering) Thrips Injury on Peach
In this report:
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug
BMSB adults nymphs and egg masses are present in orchards, although far from a uniform pattern. Black light trap captures indicate a significant increase in trap captures over the past 2 weeks, but individual insects may be difficult to find in many locations. Early pickings of Sentry show significant feeding damage, depending on tree location. We are monitoring this insect in commercial orchards with a several methods. These include random 3 minute counts, 3 minute counts on transect lines, use of a new USDA experimental pheromone in several trap types, and the black light traps in the vegetable IPM network. The bottom line for growers is that every treatment should include a BMSB active material. These treatments should be frequent. If treatments are applied on more than a 7 day schedule, then a 7 day border spray should supplement whole block treatments. Pyrethroid insecticides (permethrin, Baythroid, Mustang, Warrior, Danitol) can be very effective, but with the high temperatures we are having, they should be avoided this week. The neonicotinoids, Belay and Actara can also be very effective. Lannate has a short residual, but can have knock down ability.
We are hoping that the 2 best insecticides will be able to be used soon. These are dinotefuran (Venom and Scorpion) and bifenthrin (Brigade and Bifenture). These products had section 18 labels during 2012 (Venom and Scorpion had them in 2011), and were requested again for 2013. Although Venom and Scorpion are currently labeled in peach and nectarine, they are not labeled in apples. Nor are they labeled at the rate required to control BMSB, which is almost double the current labeled rate. The current maximum rate for Scorpion is 7 oz/A, and 10-12 oz/A is needed for BMSB control. The current maximum rate for Venom is 4 oz/A, and 6-6.9 oz/A is needed for BMSB control. Section 18 label requests originate in the individual states (usually a DEP) and are authorized by EPA in Washington, D.C. The bifenthrin package is currently in Washington. The dinotefuran package is with the NJDEP and has yet to be submitted. Brigade and Bifenture are the best materials we have for BMSB control. Since there will be a 14 day PHI, and a maximum of 2 applications not less than 30 days apart, let’s hope we get them soon, or they will see only minimal use.
Occurrence of root-feeding insects will manifest by the presence of dead patches. Pull dead vines and search through the root zone and soil for grubs and worms.
If your beds have damage caused by root-feeding insects, you should consider treatment with Imidacloprid (e.g. Admire Pro, Alias 4F, Alias 2F) immediately after bees are removed. Admire Pro (imidacloprid) is labeled for the control of cranberry rootworm, white grubs (Phyllophagaspp.), and other scarabs in cranberries.
Damaged, Dead Patches in Cranberry
Phyllophaga Grubs
