Fruit IPM Information for 6/17/21

Cherry:

Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD): Cherries will need SWD protection. Effective insecticides for use on cherries include Asana, Baythroid, Cormoran, Danitol, Delegate, Entrust, Exirel, Imidan, Lambda-Cy/Warrior, Mustang Maxx, Malathion, and Verdepryn. Check the 2021Tree Fruit Production Guide for PHI’s and REI’s for U-Pick operations. rated products.

Peach:

Oriental Fruit Moth: Growers that have utilized mating disruption for OFM should continue to focus on PC; GPA; and catfacing insect pests as described below. Second generation timings will begin this week in southern counties and next week in northern counties. Overall the adult population is low, but above the treatment threshold of 8 moths per trap on some farms in northern counties.

Scale Insects: White peach scale (WPS) crawlers emerging in southern counties, and should be just past peak emergence. San Jose scale (SJS) crawlers usually begin emergence in late May/Early June, and should be approaching peak emergence. If you have scale infestations on your trees, it is important to note if crawlers are present, even if you treated with oil in the early spring. See last newsletter and the 2021 Tree Fruit Production Guide for control options.

Catfacing insects (true bugs – tarnished plant bugs and native stink bugs): Have become quite high in some orchards, especially where trees are grown in mixed grass and weed aisles and poor weed control is present within the tree row. If left uncontrolled, then peaches can be marked up and deformed by harvest time. The bottom line for good catfacing insect control is to start with good weed control and pure sod aisles. If you have weedy aisles, then use a good catfacing insect material just prior to any mowing operation. See the 2021 TFPG for suggested materials.

 Bacterial Spot: Maintain tight covers with antibiotics until pit hardening. Typical antibiotics used include various copper and oxytetracycline formulations. Full covers with at least 100 gpa are recommended around wetting periods or severe weather. Some bacterial spot is present in northern counties, and began showing up in isolated blocks of highly susceptible varieties last week in southern counties. So far Bacterial is not widespread in any of the growing regions.

Apple:

Codling Moth (CM): See the chart below for timings based on location and the chemistry being used. In most cases trap numbers are low because we are between generations 1 and 2. In southern counties trap captures have been very low until last week when adult moths were caught in numbers above 5/trap, which is the treatment threshold. Use the degree timing unless moth counts are above 5 males per trap, then treat as long as the moth count is above 5 per trap.

Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): If trap counts are high, or above 40 moths per trap, we are considering this to be a high population. These counts are common in several northern county locations. Four alternate middle applications will be required during the month of June under these circumstances.

Woolly Apple Aphids (WAA): Small WAA colonies are starting to appear in a number of northern county orchards. WAA also produces colonies on the root system, which under heavy populations, can stress the tree. These aphids should be controlled before colonies get too dense and numerous. One of the best controls at this time is Movento used at the rate of 10-12 oz/A combined with a spreader adjuvant with penetrating properties. Use sufficient volume to thoroughly wet the tree. Slow drying conditions are best. The material is fully systemic, and should reach the colonies feeding on the roots, as well as those that are visible on the aerial portions of the tree.

Diseases: Apple Scab, Powdery Mildew, Cedar Apple Rust, and Summer Diseases are diseases of concern at this time.

Grapes:

Grape Berry Moth (GBM): The biofix in southern counties for GBM was  5/20. Model timing predicts that treatments 2^nd generation GBM should be applied June 23-24 in southern counties (Landisville), and by about June 26-27 in central counties. This timing is for IGR and diamide materials. For other chemistries like pyrethroids and OPs, apply 2-3 days later.

Scouting Calendar Tree Fruit Southern Counties

The following table is intended as an aid for orchard scouting. I t should not be used to time pesticide applications. Median dates for pest events and crop phenology are displayed. These dates are compiled from observations made since 1995 in Gloucester County. Events in northern New Jersey should occur 7-10 days later.

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Southern Counties

Tree  Fruit Trap Counts – Northern Counties

Blueberries:           

Aphids:  Aphids are still being found.  Colonies are in the middle range compared to last week,  the average shoot infestation rate is 9.7% of new shoots infested with a high of 84%.  If aphid populations are they still must be controlled, but while working around PHIs and SWD control.

Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD): This is still the main pest of concern. Any field that is colored or starting to color should have protection. Most materials that control SWD also control blueberry maggot (except Delegate and Entrust, which provide suppression). With regards to monitoring for the larval stage, salt tests are being incorporated starting this week.

Delegate Label: There have been a few questions regarding the 1 day PHI use compared to the traditional 3 day PHI use for this product. The ‘traditional ‘use stipulated a 3 day PHI with a maximum of 19.5 oz of product used for the season. SWD control requires a 5-6 oz/A rate, so essentially this is 3 applications with a little left over. In order to use the material with 1 day PHI, the total allowed material for the season is reduced to 17.9 oz of product per season. This is also essentially a 3 application maximum program, depending how you adjust the rate. The material should be rotated with other IRAC mode of action materials, and most growers who use Delegate are only using 1-2 applications.

Blueberry Maggot (BBM): No blueberry maggot adults have been found yet. This is probably due to the presence of SWD sprays. There has been a trend during the last several years of lower BBM populations as SWD management has become commonplace.

Oriental Beetle (OB): Adults have emerged and have been active for the past couple of weeks. Any insecticides used for the grub stage of this pest need to be applied prior to the 3^rd instar stage, or before mid-July.

Anthracnose: The recent wet weather has not helped disease management. Some anthracnose disease was seen on Duke this past week. Therefore, fungicides applications are still merited. Abound, Pristine, Switch and Phosphite materials have a “0” day PHI. Not all materials can be aerially applied. See the 2021 Blueberry Pest Control Recommendations for additional products.