Apple:
San Jose Scale (SJS): Some damage is being seen in northern county orchards where nymphs are active. Now is the time to the nymphal stage if you have problem populations. High volume applications are required for control since all twigs and surface areas where nymphs are active need to be covered. Esteem, Centaur, Venerate and Diazinon are choices for control.
Codling Moth (CM): On average, trap captures are low, but we have seen some increases, especially in some southern locations. Approximate timings for 2nd generation treatments are outlined below. If you have already treated, and the moth count exceeds 5 males per trap, then an additional insecticide may be needed.:
| Second Generation Codling Moth Degree Day Timing | ||||||
| Application and Insecticide Type | ||||||
| County Area | Biofix | Rimon, Intrepid
Diamides – Altacor, Voliam Flexi, Besiege, Exirel, Verdepryn: (150-200 DD) + 14-21 days later |
Cyd-X, Madex
1250 DD + every 7-9 days during brood hatch (later if first spray is an IGR) |
Standard Insecticides – Delegate, Avaunt, OP’s, carbamates, pyrethroids
|
||
| DD | 1150-1200 | 1450-1500 | 1250 | 1250 | 1550-1600 | |
| Southern | April 28 | past | past | past | past | past |
| Northern | May 4 | 7/10-12 | 7/20-21 | past | past | 7/22-7/24 |
Summer Diseases: Rots are now appearing in susceptible varieties. Bitter rot is of most concern but white rot has also been seen in some varieties. Cover sprays with Captan at 3.5#/acre plus a phosphorus acid product (ProPhyte or similar) may help to suppress further rot infections and will improve sooty blotch and fly speck control. For troublesome blocks where bitter rot is a major concern then a tight summer disease program that incorporates Captan + ProPhyte, rotated with Merivon or Luna Sensation may improve control. Ziram (76DF) may be used at the full 6 lb/A rate (14 day PHI), and rotated with the previous suggestions. Ferbam may not be available, and is not recommended due to possible fruit marking this late in the season.
Peach:
Oriental Fruit Moth: The timing for third brood control is outlined below. In general, most populations are low and not causing problems.
| OFM 3rd Generation Timing | |||
| Insecticide Type | |||
| County/Region | Degree Days by 7/12base 45
(biofix – 4/8) |
Conventional
2100-2200, 2450-2500 |
Diamide
2025-2150, 2375-2450 |
| Gloucester – Southern | 1988 | 1st – 7/16-19
2nd – 7/27-7/30 |
1st – past
2nd – 7/24-7/27 |
| Hunterdon – Northern | 2004
|
1st – 7/22-25
2nd – too far off |
1st – 7/20-24
2nd – too far off |
Brown Rot: See last week’s newsletter and the 2021 Tree Fruit Production Guide. Also from the previous newsletter: About 10 weeks before anticipated harvest begins, use captan at 3 1/8 pounds per acre in cover sprays; at 3 weeks prior to harvest use Flint Extra at 3.8 ounces acre; and then follow the usual preharvest schedule with Fontelis at 16-20 ounces 2 weeks before harvest and Inspire Super or a propiconazole product at 1-4 days before harvest. In addition, Rhizopus rot was noted on drops in some orchards. This disease may become troublesome if conditions remain wet.
Scouting Calendar Tree Fruit Southern Counties
The following table is intended as an aid for orchard scouting. I t should not be used to time pesticide applications. Median dates for pest events and crop phenology are displayed. These dates are compiled from observations made since 1995 in Gloucester County. Events in northern New Jersey should occur 7-10 days later.
| Pest Event or Growth Stage | Approximate Date | 2021 Observed Date |
| Bud Swell (Redhaven) | March 23 +/- 15 Days | March 29 |
| 1/4″ Green Tip Red Delicious | March 31 +/- 13 Days | March 27 |
| Pink Peach (Redhaven) | April 4 +/- 15 Days | April 4 |
| Tight Cluster Red Delicious | April 9 +/- 13 Days | April 6 |
| Oriental Fruit Moth Biofix | April 9 +/- 13 Days | April 8 |
| Full Bloom Peach (Redhaven) | April 9 +/- 14 Days | April 10 |
| Pink Apple (Red Delicious) | April 14 +/- 12 Days | April 11 |
| Codling Moth Biofix | April 27 +/- 13 Days | May 2 |
| Green Peach Aphid Observed | April 16 +/- 16 Days | April 26 |
| Full Bloom Apple (Red Delicious) | April 22 +/- 11 Days | April 20 |
| Petal Fall (Redhaven) | April 22 +/- 10 Days | April 24 |
| Petal Fall (Red Delicious) | April 27 +/- 14 Days | May 7 |
| Shuck Split (Redhaven) | April 30+/- 11 Days | April 29 |
| First PC Oviposition Scars Observed | May 3 +/- 18 Days | April 29 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth Biofix | May 4 +/- 10 Days | May 3 |
| San Jose Scale Crawlers | June 2 +/- 8 Days | Not yet observed |
| White Peach Scale Crawlers | May 26 +/- 11 days | Not yet observed |
| Pit Hardening Peach | June 16 +/- 8 Days | June 14 |
Tree Fruit Trap Counts – Southern Counties
| Weekending | STLM | TABM-A | CM | BMSB | OFM-A | DWB | OFM-P | TABM-P | LPTB | PTB |
| 4/17/21 | 7 | 0 | 8 | 1 | ||||||
| 4/24/21 | 12 | 0 | 34 | 2 | ||||||
| 5/1/21 | 7 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 5/8/21 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 5/15/21 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 7 | ||
| 5/22/21 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 3 | ||
| 5/29/21 | 0 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 5 | 1 | ||
| 6/05/21 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 30 | 0 | 5 | 20 | ||
| 6/12/21 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 26 | 0 | |
| 6/19/21 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 33 | 1 | 8 | 29 | 0 | |
| 6/26/21 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 34 | 0 | 2 | 18 | 2 | |
| 7/2/21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | |
| 7/9/21 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 29 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 2 | |
| 7/16/21 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 23 | 2 |
Tree Fruit Trap Counts – Northern Counties
| Week Ending | STLM | TABM-A | CM | BMSB | OFM-A | DWB | OBLR | OFM-P | TABM-P | LPTB | PTB | |
| 4/3/21 |
|
0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 4/10/21 | 0 | 0 | 1.4 | |||||||||
| 4/17/21 | 12 | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | 1.5 | |||||||
| 4/24/21 | 14 | 0 | 9.4 | 0 | 4.4 | 0 | ||||||
| 5/1/21 | 12 | 0 | 0.2 | 21.6 | 0 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 5/8/21 | 13 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 23.3 | 0 | 10.5 | 0.1 | 0 | ||||
| 5/15/21 | 12 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 12.7 | 0 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 5/22/21 | 15 | 14.3 | 2.1 | 8.0 | 0.2 | 0 | 1.3 | 8.4 | 5.8 | 0 | ||
| 5/29/21 | 3 | 30.8 | 3.1 | 5.3 | 2.1 | 7 | 5.3 | 25.3 | 20.6 | 0.2 | ||
| 6/05/21 | 2 | 27.4 | 0.5 | 6.1 | 1.4 | 0 | 3.2 | 32.7 | 7.2 | 0.5 | ||
| 6/12/21 | 18 | 26.3 | 0.4 | 5.4 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 37.5 | 17.9 | 0.3 | ||
| 6/19/21 | 49 | 70.4 | 1.0 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 5.2 | 79.5 | 10.8 | 0.2 | ||
| 6/26/21 | 64 | 30.9 | 0.5 | 4.3 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 2.9 | 35.3 | 8.1 | 0.2 | ||
| 7/03/21 | 113 | 20.6 | 0.2 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 18.1 | 7.7 | 0 | ||
| 7/10/21 | 74 | 8.2 | 0.3 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 0 | 0.9 | 7.4 | 1.9 | 0.4 | ||
| 7/16/21 | 35 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 4.4 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 6.6 | 1.3 |
Grapes:
Grape Berry Moth: The timing for treatment of grape berry moth in southern counties is now and during the next couple of days. There are a few locations in southern counties that have 2nd generation damage throughout some blocks, but most damage is on the row ends nearest wooded borders. The most effective insecticides include Delegate, Altacor and other diamides – VoliamFlexi (diamide + same ai as in Actara), Verdepryn, and other broad spectrum materials like Imidan and pyrethroids. This list DOES NOT include most neonicotinoid materials. While neonicotinoid products may be used for SLF nymphs, they are not the products of choice at the present time. Spotted Lanternfly (SLF) are molting into adults, and if you have them, they are best controlled with longer residual products.
Grape Root Borer: This is a sporadic pest in NJ, and no activity has been seen so far this year. Therefore, unless your vineyard is in an isolated situation and you have known grape root borer problems, no treatments are needed at this time.
| Grape traps – Southern to central counties | ||
| Week Ending | GBM | GRB Bucket |
| 5/29/21 | 2 | 0 |
| 6/5/21 | 0 | 0 |
| 6/12/21 | 2 | 0 |
| 6/19/21 | 1 | 0 |
| 6/26/21 | 0 | 0 |
| 7/3/21 | 0 | 0 |
| 7/10/21 | 2 | 0 |
Blueberries:
Blueberry Maggot (BBM): No blueberry maggot adults were found over the past week. SWD remains the main insect of concern.
Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD): Adult populations continue to provide significant pressure, with trap counts showing similar pressure as the previous week. Over 100 males per trap were found in areas with the highest pest pressure. It is very important to stay on a 7 day schedule, and refresh insecticides if heavy storms cause wash-off. Also make sure to rotate insecticide types, or use different products with different IRAC mode of action classifications. As the adults continue to mate and lay eggs, higher populations of larvae will be present in dropped fruit and ultimately ripening fruit if not adequately. Make sure to target the bottom half of the bush as well as berries dropped on the ground, in addition to the tops of the plants. Adult flies are the most active during the early morning hours and at dusk. Therefore, applications of insecticide during the very early morning hours and twilight will be more effective than if applied during late morning to mid-day.
Aphids: Aphids are still being found but are much lower than seen in previous weeks.
By the Numbers Summary:
| % Leafroller/Surface Lep. Injury and Plum Curculio Injured Fruit | ||||
| Week Ending | % Leps injury to Berries | % PC injury to Berries | ||
| Avg | Max | Avg | Max | |
| 5/14 | 0.13 | 2 | 0.68 | 7.8 |
| 5/21 | 0.13 | 1.8 | 0.80 | 9.8 |
| 5/28 | 0.013 | 0.5 | 0.13 | 3.7 |
| 6/4 | 0.002 | 0.2 | 0.008 | 0.3 |
| 6/11 | 0.002 | 0.3 | 0.005 | 0.4 |
| 6/18 | 0.001 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| 6/25 | 0.001 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 7/2 | 0..006 | 0.2 | 0.001 | 0.1 |
| 7/9 | 0.007 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 7/16 | 0.005 | 0.2 | 0.002 | 0.3 |
| Spotted Wing Drosophila Males per Red Sticky Card | ||||
| Week Ending | SWD(AC) | SWD(BC) | ||
| Avg | Max | Avg | Max | |
| 6/4 | 1.5 | 8 | 0.375 | 3 |
| 6/11 | 1.84 | 9 | 1.77 | 1 |
| 6/18 | 3.4 | 25 | 2.86 | 6 |
| 6/25 | 5.3 | 42 | 2.87 | 9 |
| 7/2 | 7.03 | 98 | 7.36 | 22 |
| 7/9 | 22.58 | 105 | 29.73 | 77 |
| 7/16 | 16.32 | 115 | 26.0 | 80 |
| Oriental Beetle Trap Counts | ||||
| Week Ending | OB(AC) | OB(BC) | ||
| Avg | Max | Avg | Max | |
| 6/4 | 3.9 | 32 | 0.25 | 1 |
| 6/11 | 185.72 | 2025 | 15.8 | 60 |
| 6/18 | 292 | 1350 | 285 | 2025 |
| 6/25 | 1767 | 11000 | 974 | 6075 |
| 7/2 | 2813 | 13000 | 1326 | 6075 |
| 7/9 | 2214 | 11000 | 1806 | 10125 |
| 7/16 | 2255 | 15000 | 1288 | 11135 |
| Blueberry Maggot Adult Captures | ||||
| Week Ending | BBM(AC) | BBM(BC) | ||
| Avg | Max | Avg | Max | |
| 6/4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6/11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6/18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6/25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 7/2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 7/9 | 0.05 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| 7/16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| % Diseased Fruit | ||||||
| Week Ending | % Mummy Berries | % Anthracnose Berries | % Alternaria Berries | |||
| Avg | Max | Avg | Max | Avg | Max | |
| 6/18 | 0.002 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 1.4 | 0.06 | 1 |
| 6/25 | 0.002 | 0.1 | 0.090 | 2.2 | 0.072 | 1.2 |
| 7/2 | 0.002 | 0.1 | 0.07 | 1.8 | 0.03 | 0.5 |
| 7/9 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 0.241 | 2.7 |
| 7/16 | 0 | 0 | 0.99 | 30.8 | 0.34 | 22.1 |
