Peach:
Plum Curculio (PC): PC oviposition continues in all areas of the state. We have accumulated about 253 DD since petal fall (apple) in southern counties. The Cornell model calls for insecticides applied up to the 340 DD50 mark. The current prediction is for southern counties to hit 340 on or about 5/30. This allows for the last of the PC activity to be covered by the residual from the last insecticide application. Therefore applications made this week in southern counties should control this generation of PC. In northern counties PC is still a primary target and needs to be controlled during the next couple of applications.
Oriental Fruit Moth: We are between generations in southern counties, but at the second of 2 treatments in northern counties. Some northern locations show very high activity in both peach and apple blocks. If this 1st generation is not well controlled, then you risk internal worm injury in the fruit as the season progresses. First generation timings are updated below:
| OFM 1st Degree Day (DD) Timing | ||||
| Insecticide Type | ||||
| County/Region | Biofix | DD by 5/18 base 45 | Conventional
170-200, 350-375 |
Diamide
100-150, 300-350 |
| Gloucester – Southern | 4/3 | 488 | 1st – Past
2nd – past |
1st – Past
2nd – Past |
| Hunterdon – Northern | 4/9 | 360 | 1st – Past
2nd – 5/25-26 |
1st – Past
2nd – 5/23-25 |
Scale Insects: White peach scale (WPS) crawlers began to emerge on 5/13. San Jose scale (SJS) crawlers usually begin emergence about a week or ten days later, usually late May/Early June. If you have scale infestations on your trees, it is important to note if crawlers are present, even if you treated with oil in the early spring. See last newsletter and the 2020 Tree Fruit Production Guide for treatment options.
Aphids: Very few green peach aphids (GPA) have been seen. However, several locations have been seen with multiple colonies per tree of black peach aphids (BPA). These should not be tolerated on young trees. BPA has a root phase which can retard the growth in young orchards. There are a number of choices for aphid control in peaches. Remember that most systemic insecticides move up the tree and away from the roots. Since Movento also moves down the tree and into the roots, this may be a better choice for BPA control.
Bacterial Spot: Bacterial spot is present on the leaves in a number of orchards in both southern and northern counties. Maintain copper sprays. If the crop load is very light, and you can still afford the copper, then treatments are still suggested.
Peach Scab: Where scab was an issue last year, maintain good coverage with captan or other effective fungicides until mid-July.
Rusty Spot: Rusty spot infections are ongoing until pit hardening. Maintain coverage with effective materials such as Rally, Rhyme, or potassium bicarbonate products. Other choices include Flint Extra, Inspire Super, Luna Sensation and Quadris Top, although usually at a higher cost. Rusty Spot lesions are now appearing on fruit in southern counties.
Brown Rot: Maintain coverage with effective materials until pit hardening. Do not rely on sulfur alone unless a dry weather pattern develops. The Captan program, developed by Dr. Norm Lalancette would be a good program to follow, particularly as we get a little further into the growing season.
Apple:
Codling Moth (CM): Populations are low at this time, but the timing for 1st generation treatments is now, depending on the material being used. See table below for details on material type and timing.
| Codling Moth Degree Day Timing | ||||||||
| Application and Insecticide Type | ||||||||
| County Area | Biofix | Rimon:
75-100DD + 14-17 days later
|
Intrepid
150 + 450 DD Diamides – Altacor, Voliam Flexi, Besiege, Exirel, Verdepryn: (150-200 DD) + 14-21 days later |
Cyd-X, Madex
250 DD + every 7-9 days during brood hatch (later if first spray is an IGR) |
Standard Insecticides – Delegate, Avaunt, OP’s, carbamates, pyrethroids
250 DD + 550 DD
|
|||
| DD | 75 | 100 | 150 | 450 | 250 | 250 | 550 | |
| Southern | May 4 | past | past | 5/24 | Too far out | 5/29 | 5/29 | Too far out |
| Northern | May 4 | past | past | 5/31 | Too far out | 5/31 | 5/31 | Too far out |
Spotted Tentiform Leafminer (STLM): Adults are flying, but are not considered a pest target at this time.
Plum Curculio (PC): See Peach section above.
European Apple Sawfly (EAS): This insect may still be an issue in far northern counties, especially in late blooming blocks.
Tufted Apple Budmoth (TABM): A biofix was set statewide on May 6. Populations are starting to increase in all counties.
Woolly Apple Aphids (WAA): WAA colonies are starting to appear in several northern orchards. These aphids are normally controlled by several species of naturally occurring parasitoids As long as populations are low, then parasitoids should be allowed to build up and control the aphids. It’s a balancing act for which the outcome of treat or not to treat will be decided before the end of June. We want to see the first generation controlled and not get out of hand, by either natural forces or insecticides. If insecticides need to be used, they will need to be applied before the leaves get too thick, and systemic materials can be easily absorbed.
Scouting Calendar Tree Fruit Southern Counties
The following table is intended as an aid for orchard scouting. It should not be used to time pesticide applications. Median dates for pest events and crop phenology are displayed. These dates are compiled from observations made since 1995 in Gloucester County. Events in northern New Jersey should occur 7-10 days later.
| Pest Event or Growth Stage | Approximate Date | 2020 Observed Date |
| Bud Swell (Redhaven) | March 23 +/- 15 Days | March 9 |
| 1/4″ Green Tip Red Delicious | March 31 +/- 13 Days | March 18 |
| Pink Peach (Redhaven) | April 4 +/- 15 Days | March 18 |
| Tight Cluster Red Delicious | April 9 +/- 13 Days | March 29 |
| Oriental Fruit Moth Biofix | April 9 +/- 13 Days | April 3 |
| Full Bloom Peach (Redhaven) | April 9 +/- 14 Days | March 29 |
| Pink Apple (Red Delicious) | April 14 +/- 12 Days | March 12 |
| Codling Moth Biofix | April 27 +/- 13 Days | May 4 |
| Full Bloom Apple (Red Delicious) | April 22 +/- 11 Days | April 25 |
| Petal Fall (Redhaven) | April 22 +/- 10 Days | April 14 |
| Petal Fall (Red Delicious) | April 27 +/- 14 Days | May 4 |
| Shuck Split (Redhaven) | April 30+/- 11 Days | May 1 |
| Tufted Apple Bud Moth Biofix | May 4 +/- 10 Days | May 6 |
| Pit Hardening Peach | June 16 +/- 8 Days | Not yet Observed |
Tree Fruit Trap Counts – Southern Counties
| Week ending | STLM | TABM-A | CM | AM | OFM-A | DWB | OFM-P | TABM-P | LPTB | PTB |
| 4/11 | 1 | 7 | 0 | |||||||
| 4/18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 2 | |||||
| 4/25 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 5/2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 5/9 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 26 | 2 | 1 | 12 | |||
| 5/16 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | ||
| 5/23 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 3 |
Tree Fruit Trap Counts – Northern Counties
| Weekending | STLM | TABM-A | CM | AM | OFM-A | DWB | OBLR | OFM-P | TABM-P | LPTB | PTB |
| 4/11 | 0 | 0.7 | |||||||||
| 4/18 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | |||||||
| 4/25 | 2 | 0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |||||||
| 5/2 | 5 | 0 | 1.8 | 1.2 | |||||||
| 5/9 | 5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 36.7 | 10.1 | 0 | |||||
| 5/16 | 17 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 19.2 | 0 | 2.7 | 1 | 1.8 | 0 | ||
| 5/23 | 18 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 36 | 1 | 6.3 | 10.3 | 1.5 | 0 |
Blueberry:
Plum Curculio (PC): This continues to be the number one insect to control at this time. Growers who are applying their first post pollination insecticides should include Imidan or Avaunt as the first choices. Pyrethroids will work, but are weak on PC as the weather gets warmer. Slightly increased levels of fruit injury have been seen over the last few days, mostly due to the warmer weather and increased adult activity.
Leps and Other ‘Worm’ Larvae: Levels moth larvae or ‘worms’ have been very low this past week, although a slight increase in activity has been seen. Cranberry fruitworm is active, but at low levels. Very few adults have been caught in our traps.
Aphids: Aphids are starting to appear on the new growth of lower canes. We were seeing 1.8% of these terminals infested with small colonies, with a high of 12% infested shoots. We use a provisional action threshold of 10% of shoots infested.
Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD): Out of the 21 traps, we saw that in the last week that 5 traps had SWD catches that averaged 0.8 adults per trap, with a high of 7 adults in one of the traps.
Pests By Numbers:
| Insect Incidence | |||||||
| Week Ending | % Bud Feeding | Adults/Bush (Beating Tray) | Leps./Bush (Beating Tray) | PC/Bush (Beating Tray) | Gyspy Moth/Bush (Beating Tray) | ||
| Avg | Max | Avg | Max | Avg | Avg | Avg | |
| 3/27 | 12.8 | 40 | 0.68 | 8.3 | .01 | ||
| 4/3 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 7.6 | 0.0 | ||
| 4/11 | 0 | 0 | 2.06 | 19.6 | 0.003 | ||
| 4/18 | – | – | – | – | 0.01 | ||
| 4/21 | – | – | – | – | 0.005 | 0.004 | |
| 4/28 | – | – | – | – | 0.007 | 0.002 | |
| 5/4 | – | – | – | – | 0.013 | 0.022 | 0.001 |
| 5/11 | – | – | – | – | 0.03 | 0.004 | 0.022 |
| 5/18 | – | – | – | – | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.00 |
| 5/25 | – | – | – | – | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.002 |
| % Injury Fruit | ||||
| Week Ending | % LEPS Injured Fruit | % PC Injury Fruit | ||
| Avg | Max | Avg | Max | |
| 5/11 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| 5/18 | 0.06 | 0.8 | 0.13 | 1.4 |
| 5/25 | 0.122 | 1.1 | 0.43 | 3.8 |
| Traps | ||||||||
| Week Ending | CBFW-
Atlantic County |
CBFW-Burlington County | SWD-
Atlantic County |
SWD-
Burlington County |
||||
| Avg | Max | Avg | Max | Avg | Max | Avg | Max | |
| 5/11 | 0.1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 5/18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 5/25 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.25 | 1 | 0.8 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Remember the Next Twilight (Virtual) Meeting:
May’s Blueberry Twilight meeting is being held on May 28th, 2020, starting at 6 pm. Below is the agenda for the meeting, we hope that you all can join us.
Click on the link to join the meeting: https://rutgers.webex.com/rutgers/j.php?MTID=m21a64faf8b8899b240fe01973850d636
Blueberry May Twilight Meeting Agenda
Introduction: Gary Pavlis 6:05-6:10 pm
Farmworker Safety – Wesley Kline 6:10-6:25 pm
Blueberry Nutrition, A Reminder – Gary Pavlis 6:25-6:35 pm
Residual Herbicide Applications for Late Season Weed Control – Thierry Besancon 6:35-6:45 pm
Scouting IPM updates for the Month of May – Carrie Denson 6:45-6:55 pm
Late Season Blueberry Insects Pest – Cesar Rodriguez-Saona 6:55-7:05 pm
Integrating SWD Control with other Pest Management – Dean Polk 7:05-7:15pm
Blueberry Disease Management when May is the New April – Peter Oudemans 7:15-7:25pm
Closing: Gary Pavlis 7:25pm-7:30pm
